Research On The Effects Of Different Types Of Exercises On Foot Shape And Gait Characteristics Of College Students

Objective: Through the comparison between different types of pre-and post-exercise movements and the comparison between different types of post-exercise movements.To investigate the influence of long time heavy load movement,small load movement and static load movement on foot type,gait,electromyography signal,and to explore the difference between running,walking and standing in foot type,gait,electromyography signal.Methods: To provide the theoretical basis for the paper by the method of literature,26 young male subjects who meet the experimental requirements were selected by the experimental method.In the experiment,the total load required for the experiment was running for 1 hour at 10 km / h,and the time required for the same total load of walking and natural standing was measured and calculated respectively.Test running,walking and station movement with the same total load.Three dimensional foot scanner and plantar pressure test system were used to collect and analyze the foot length,width,circumference,height of scaphoid,walking speed,impulse,phase,area% of plantar pressure of the subjects before and after running,walking and standing.The data of AEMG and MPF of tibialis anterior muscle,gastrocnemius medial head and lateral head were collected by wireless surface electromyography synchronous camera system.two-way repeated measures ANOVA,The experimental results were significant(P < 0.05).Results: 1.Foot type:(1)After running,foot length,width,circumference,hallux valgus index were larger than before running(P < 0.05),the height of medial longitudinal arch,dorsum of foot and scaphoid were smaller than before running(P < 0.05),the width and circumference of foot after walking were larger than before running(P < 0.05),the length,width,circumference and index of foot arch after standing were larger than before standing(P< 0.05),the height of medial longitudinal arch and scaphoid were smaller than before running(P < 0.05)Before station(P < 0.05).(2)The differences of foot length,foot back height and scaphoid height after walking were less than those after running(P < 0.05);the differences of foot length after standing were less than those after running(P < 0.05);the differences of footback height and scaphoid height after standing were greater than those after walking(P <0.05).2.Gait:(1)Impulse: the impulse of the first phalanx and the first metatarsal area was lower than that before running(P < 0.05),and the impulse of the third metatarsal area was higher than that before running(P < 0.05);the impulse of the second metatarsal and the inner heel area was lower than that before walking(P < 0.05).(2)Time phase%: the time phase of initial landing stage and forefoot off ground stage after running is% less than that before running(P < 0.05),and the time phase of whole foot contact stage is% more than that before running(P < 0.05);the time phase of initial landing stage,whole foot contact stage and forefoot off ground stage after walking is% less than that before walking(P < 0.05),and the time phase of forefoot contact stage is% more than that before walking(P < 0.05);the time phase of initial landing stage after standing walking Time phase% was less than that before station(P < 0.05).(3)Plantar pressure area%: the percentage of plantar pressure in front foot is less than that in front foot(P < 0.05),and the percentage of plantar pressure area in middle foot is greater than that in front foot(P < 0.05).(4)Three types of sports were compared: 1)impulse: the second metatarsal,the fifth metatarsal,the medial and the lateral areas of the heel were lower in walking after walking(P < 0.05);the fourth metatarsal,the fifth metatarsal,the medial and the lateral areas of the heel were lower in walking after standing(P < 0.05);the fourth metatarsal area was lower in walking after standing(P < 0.05).2)Time phase%: when walking after running,the contact phase of forefoot was less than that after walking(P < 0.05);when walking after running,the contact phase of whole foot was more than that after standing(P < 0.05);when walking after walking,the contact phase of forefoot and the contact phase of whole foot were more than that after standing(P < 0.05).3.The results showed that:(1)The AEMG value of the anterior tibial muscle ran,walked,and increased after the station,the AEMG value of the lateral gastrocnemius head ran,increased after the station,and the AEMG value of the medial gastrocnemius head increased after walking(P<0.05).The AEMG value of lateral head of gastrocnemius was greater than that of walking,and the AEMG value of medial head of gastrocnemius was greater than that of standing and running(P<0.05).(2)The MPF value of anterior tibial muscle decreased after running,the MPF value of anterior tibial muscle decreased after walking,and the medial MPF value of gastrocnemius muscledecreased after station(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Movement type is an important factor affecting foot type and gait.Running,walking and standing: running has the greatest influence on foot type,walking has the least influence on foot type,walking has the greatest influence on gait,and standing has the least influence on gait.2.Three different types of movement have different influence factors on foot type change: foot bearing sustained excess load is an important factor leading to foot type change after running;walking has no effect on foot type;foot creep is an important factor in foot type change after natural standing.During continuous exercise,tibialis anterior muscle is more prone to fatigue than gastrocnemius muscle,and foot muscle fatigue is not an important factor leading to foot deformation.Sports will make the foot volume increase,arch drop will cause the foot length increase.3.When the total load is equal,three different types of load exercise have different effects on gait: after different exercise,the impulse of each area changes again,and there are different walking modes.When running,walking and walking behind the station,the forefoot contact stage decreases,and the walking mode after running and walking changes from the forefoot off the ground stage to the whole foot contact stage.