The Matthew Effect And Its Social Control Approach In The Context Of Scientific Sociology

The Matthew effect was developed by the sociologist of science Merton in the1960 s to describe the phenomenon of unfair distribution in the scientific community.Those who have the reputation of academic authority,but their personal honor and scientific resources are even more than their own match,have a high social recognition,while ordinary scientific workers are unknown despite their excellent ability,and have a lower social recognition than their own match.In recent decades,with the continuous advancement of scientific development,the development of scientific research practice is more and more frequent,and the Matthew effect,which is contained in the process of scientific development,also shows the characteristics of universality.Under the influence of historical factors,the development of modern science and technology in China is relatively late,but it has made rapid progress.However,it also gradually exposed its many shortcomings.The general office of the CPC central committee and the general office of the state council of China also explicitly put forward the opinions on Further Carrying Forward the Spirit of Scientists and Strengthening the Construction of Work Style(hereinafter referred to as the opinions),which was published on June 11,2019.It opposes the "circle" culture of scientific research to strengthen the broad consensus within the scientific community,and further rejects the monopoly phenomenon in some circles in scientific research.The rational control of the Matthew effect has become an important issue in the management of scientific research system in China.Literature analysis,logical analysis and comparative analysis are used to understand the manifestations and causes of Matthew effect in the scientific field,and combined with the development characteristics of scientific research in China.The purpose of this is to limit the negative effects of the Matthew effect and to develop strategies for dealing with it.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the main body is divided into three parts:Part one: the formation and manifestation of Matthew effect in sociology of science.From the definition of the scientific community,the formation and specific manifestation of the Matthew effect in the scientific community are explained in this paper.Part two: the Matthew effect is a double-edged sword in the development of science.By using dialectical thinking,the two sides of the influence of Matthew effect are explored,and its positive and negative effects on the development of science are analyzed from the characteristics of Matthew effect.This paper emphasizes the harm of the negative influence of Matthew effect,which will lead to the unbalanced development of scientific research system,and triggers the author's thinking by the influence of Matthew effect.The author of this paper believes that appropriate coping strategies should be developed to avoid its negative effects.Part three: the social control approach of Matthew effect under the scientific system of our country.As the focus and innovation chapter of this paper,the characteristics of China's scientific research system are combined and this paper starts from the two aspects of the leading scientific cause--the government and the main body of scientific and technological practice--the scientific community.The corresponding strategies in line with China's scientific development were formulated.At the same time,the government should accelerate the transformation of functions and deepen the reform of science and technology management system.The scientific community should construct a reasonable social science evaluation mechanism to ensure the relative fairness within the group.