Research On The Impact Of Human Capital Investment On Non-agricultural Employment Of Farmers And Herdsmen In Tibetan Areas Of Sichuan Province

The economic development in ethnic minority areas and the transfer of rural labor force have attracted extensive attention from the government and scholars at home and abroad for a long time.The 19 th National Congress also pointed out that it is necessary to stick to the employment priority strategy to achieve higher quality and fuller employment.It is proposed to support and encourage farmers to find jobs and start businesses through multiple channels,and to broaden the channels of income increase.As the biggest livelihood employment,it naturally becomes one of the researches focuses.A large number of studies have shown that human capital plays an active role in promoting non-agricultural employment of rural labor force.However,due to the differences in the special geographical location,natural conditions,cultural background and language environment of ethnic minority areas,as well as the underdevelopment of public services such as education and medical care,the level of human capital of rural labor force in this region is far behind that of the central and eastern regions,which restricts the transfer of non-agricultural employment to a deeper extent and the income from non-agricultural employment is far lower than that of other regions in China.Therefore,it is very important and urgent to study the impact of human capital investment on non-agricultural employment in ethnic areas.According to this,based on the human capital theory and labor migration,combined with the field survey data of farmers in Tibetan areas in Sichuan,this paper studies and analyzes the impact of various forms of human capital investment on the non-agricultural employment of farmers and herdsmen.This paper mainly focuses on the theme of the impact of human capital investment on non-agricultural employment.Taking farmers and herdsmen in Sichuan Tibetan areas as the research object,it analyzes the current situation of rural human capital investment in Sichuan Tibetan areas by combining theoretical and empirical methods,qualitative and quantitative methods,and discusses the mechanism of the impact of human capital investment on non-agricultural employment.Based on the2019 survey data of farmers and herdsmen in Sichuan Tibetan areas,the difference analysis and multinomial Logit regression model are used to analyze the three different production and living types of Tibetan areas with pure agriculture,semi-agriculture and semi-husbandry,pure pastoral areas,and the different employment levels such as pure agriculture employment,non-agricultural part-time employment,pure non-agricultural employment,etc.from the perspective of human capital investment such as formal education,skill training,medical care and migration.Through theoretical research and empirical analysis in this paper,the following main conclusions are drawn: First,age and non-agricultural employment show an inverted U-shaped relationship,and proficiency in Chinese helps to promote non-agricultural employment of farmers and herdsmen;Second,education has a strong positive impact on non-agricultural employment.The average education level of families has promoted farmers and herdsmen in Sichuan Tibetan areas toparticipate in non-agricultural employment,and there is a strong positive external effect of intergenerational transmission.Third,in the terms of health care,self-assessment of health and distance between high-level medical institutions positively affect the degree and probability of non-agricultural employment,while the improvement of village clinics negatively affects the probability of non-agricultural employment participation.Fourth,the higher the cost of migration,the lower the degree and probability of non-agricultural employment participation.The hidden cost of migration affects the degree and probability of non-agricultural employment.