A Research On Instructional Strategies Directed Towards Lack Of Critical Thinking In Elementary Science Education

Cultivating students' critical thinking plays an important role in science teaching.However,from some open science courses,we can find that critical thinking in science teaching in primary schools is missing.What is the lack of critical thinking in primary school science teaching? What are the reasons for these deficiencies? What kind of teaching strategy can we make? This needs to be studied through in-depth teaching practice.This paper focuses on the core issue of "how to formulate the corresponding strategies for the lack of critical thinking".Based on the interpretation of the relevant research literature of "critical thinking" and the relevant texts of science curriculum content,the following related issues are discussed.First of all,the concept and structure of critical thinking are analyzed by searching relevant literature,and the basic elements of critical thinking are summarized from two dimensions of thinking tendency and thinking skills.The dimensions of critical thinking tendency include questioning,justice,tolerance,objectivity,truth-seeking and reflection;the dimensions of critical thinking skills include attention,demonstration,reasoning,innovation and evaluation.Secondly,through the analysis of relevant texts,we find the critical thinking elements contained in them.By unscrambling the meaning of scientific spirit in Chinese students' development core literacy,it is found that scientific spirit contains the elements of critical thinking skills demonstration,reasoning and critical thinking tendency questioning.Through the interpretation of the compulsory education primary school science curriculum standard,it is found that in the preface part of the standard,the requirements are clearly put forward from the two dimensions of critical thinking tendency and critical thinking skills;the "scientific literacy" proposed by the general goal of the curriculum contains the demonstration,quality and objective elements of critical thinking;there are also some elements of critical thinking in each sub goal.In the science textbook of the Education Science Edition,there are some chapters in each volume reflecting some elements of critical thinking.At the same time,combined with the elements of critical thinking,this paper analyzes the cognitive characteristics of primary school students,and finds that it is feasible to cultivate students' critical thinking in primary school.Then,through the methods of interview,classroom observation and case study,it is found that there are obvious problems in the cultivation of critical thinking in primary school science teaching.That is to say,there are deficiencies in the aspects of teaching goal setting,curriculum resource utilization and development,teaching activities and learning evaluation.Finally,in view of the reasons for the lack of critical thinking,combined with the methods of classroom observation and literature research,from the teaching objective level,curriculum resource development level,teaching activity level and learning evaluation level,the corresponding strategies for cultivating students' critical thinking are formulated.