University Research And Development,knowledge Spillover And Innovative Economic Development

Since reform and opening up,universities have always played an important role in the modernization of the country.At present,the development path of universities serving the modernization of the country has evolved from developing the country through science and education,developing the country through talents to a stage where innovation drives development,and innovation is being at the core of the country's overall development.This has given higher education a new historical mission,the new development direction and the new strategic position of higher education are put forward.In recent years,China's universities have seen a leap-forward growth in R&D expenditures,with an average annual growth rate of more than 20%,government and society pay an unprecedented degree of attention to R&D in universitiesOn the basis of studying a large number of literature on universities' research and development activities,spatial knowledge spillovers,and the development of innovative economy,this paper uses data from 30 provinces and cities in China(excluding Tibet)from 2001 to 2015,to establish a spatial panel data model.There are different spatial correlations on variables,so three different spatial weight matrixes are constructed.From the perspectives of R&D expenditures in universities,R&D personnel input in universities,and R&D collaborations between universities and enterprises,the paper does empirical analysis comprehensively and objectively on the relationship between universities R&D and development of innovative economy.and reach the following conclusions:(1)Compared with other researches,basic research in universities has the most significant impact on the development of innovative economy.The R&D expenditure of universities has a significant knowledge spillover effect on the development of innovative economies in the region and in the neighboring provinces.Among them,basic research funding has the most significant impact on the innovative economy,both in the region and in the neighboring provinces.It reflects the broad influence of basic research and its fundamental position in the innovation system.(2)The input of R&D personnel in universities hinders the development of innovative economies in the neighboring provinces.Under the spatial relationship of geographic proximity,geographical distance and economic distance,the input of R&D personnel in universities has a certain negative effect on the development of innovative economies in the neighboring provinces.This may be due to the siphon effect of R&D personnel in universities.The investment of R&D personnel in a region will attract inflows of R&D personnel from universities and companies in neighboring regions,causing the loss of R&D personnel in neighboring regions and hindering the overall development of innovative economies in neighboring provinces.(3)Diversified university-enterprise R&D cooperation is more conducive to the development of innovative economy.The scale of university-enterprise research and development contracts is not only conducive to the development of innovative economy in the region,but also has a positive impact on neighboring provinces under spatial relationships of geographical proximity,geographical distance and economic distance The scale of technological transfer in universities has not had a significant impact on the innovative economy in the region,nor has there been a spatial knowledge spillover effect on neighboring provinces.The diversified university-enterprise R&D cooperation represented by university-enterprise research and development contracts is conducive to the development of innovative economy,and the single and low-level university-enterprise R&D cooperation represented by technology transfer is not suitable for the development of China's innovative economy.(4)The impact of the basic research funding in universities on the development of innovative economy presents regional differences.In all regions,the basic research funding in universities has had a significant positive impact on the development of innovative economy in the region as well as in neighboring provinces,having the most significant impact in the eastern region.The applied research funding has had a negative effect on the development of innovative economies in all regions,especially in the central and western regions,it has also had a negative effect on the neighboring provinces.The experimental and development funding in universities has played a positive role in the eastern and central regions.However,in the western and northeastern regions,it has had a negative impact on the development of innovative economy in the region and in the neighboring provinces.Based on the empirical analysis results and conclusions,combined with the status quo of research and development in universities and the needs of innovative economic development,this paper puts forward the following related recommendations:1.Intensify research and development investment in universities,optimize funding structure;2.Strengthen universities-enterprise Collaboration on research and development,create a collaborative innovation platform;3.Promote the transformation of research and development achievements in universities,improve the talent flow mechanism;4.Strengthen scientific and technological exchanges between regions,focus on universities differences on different regions.