Study On The Cultivation Of Rational Thinking In The Teaching Of Expository Reading In Primary Schools

The core literacy of the development of Chinese students clearly proposes the concrete connotation of cultivating students’ core literacy,including 18 basic points,among which rational thinking is one of the significant contents of students’ core literacy.The Chinese curriculum standards for compulsory education(2011 edition)also clearly stipulates that in the process of developing students’ language ability,the students’ thinking ability should be cultivated and the idea and attitude of seeking truth from facts and advocating science should be developed,aiming at the improvement of the thinking ability of students.Primary school is the initial stage of Chinese learning in compulsory education and it is also an important period of the cultivation of rational thinking.The expository text of Chinese teaching materials in primary school is an important medium for the cultivation of the rational thinking of the students in primary school.New Curriculum Standard requests that the teachers teach reading lessons according to the stylistic characteristics.The exposition has a unique characteristic,which is different from the literary works,however,many teachers do not teach reading lessons according to the characteristics of the exposition in primary school.They always highlight the expository methods.They even regard the exposition in primary school as the normal literary works to teach,guiding the students to taste the language,emphasizing that reading materials with emotions,completely ignoring the cultivation of the rational thinking of students.This study adopts the methods of classroom observation,case study and interview to investigate the current situation of the cultivation of students’ rational thinking by the Chinese teachers in primary school in the process of teaching of expository reading.Based on the results of investigation,this paper summarizes the problems existing in the cultivation of rational thinking in the teaching of expository reading in primary schools and analyzes the corresponding causes and puts forward to the effective strategies of the cultivation of the rational thinking of students,combining with the typical cases.Firstly,the author chooses part of the primary school Chinese teachers and students in a school in Yuhang district,Hangzhou city as the research object and uses the classroom observation,case method,interview method to investigate the current situation of the cultivation of the rational thinking in the process of the reading teaching of exposition in primary school.The author finds the following problems: Some teachers emphasize too much the recognition of the expository methods in the process of the reading teaching of exposition in primary school,neglecting thecultivation of the deductive reasoning ability;Some teachers emphasize the learning of the ways of expression,neglecting the cultivation of the ability of comparative classification;Some teachers emphasize is placed on the extraction of easy information,neglecting the cultivation of the ability of analyzing;Some teachers believe the authority knowledge,neglecting the cultivation of the critical ability.Secondly,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the cultivation of rational thinking in the reading teaching of exposition in primary schools,finds out the reasons,and puts forward to the cultivation strategies from four aspects: Firstly,to encourage students to find the rules,use rules and cultivate the ability of inductive deduction of students;Secondly,to guide students to observe and find,and cultivate the ability of comparative classification of students according to the similarities and differences of things;Thirdly,to choose the appropriate content,point and surface combination,to cultivate the ability of analysis and synthesis of students;Fourthly,to encourage students to question,reflect and explore,and to cultivate the ability of critical thinking and innovation of students.Finally,this paper combines with the requirements of the New Curriculum Standard,aiming at the cultivation of the rational thinking in the teaching of expository reading in primary schools.This paper takes "whale" and "cricket’s residence" as the typical cases,carrying out the teaching design,briefly explaining the design scheme,and applying the training strategy proposed in this paper to the teaching practice of expository reading in primary schools.