The Ownership Of Decision-Making Power In Modern Universities

Since the medieval university,the ownership of university decision-making power has been mixed,since the creation of the University of Paris,teachers in the school management has such power as enrollment,examinations,teaching,and management of student.It is precisely because teachers enjoy these formal powers,the University of Paris has been called "Teacher University".At the same time,there are also University of Bologna as the representative of the "Student University",the school affairs in university is basically decided by the students.In 2010,the National Medium and Long-term Educational Reform and Development Program(2010-2020)proposed that improving the university governance structure as one of the important contents of the higher education reform,this study is concerned about the ownership of university decision-making power.The problem is from the perspective of university governance structure,through the analysis of text data to discuss the internal academic staff,principals,directors in university governance which has the power to grasp the substance and connotation of university governance structure,to deepen the reform of higher education management system theoretical fulcrum,and in order to improve the policy framework to provide theoretical analysis tools.In this study,key cases were sampled and case studies were conducted on eight universities from England,America,German,Japan and New Zealand.,which are Oxford University,Warwick University,the Yale University,the University of Michigan,the University of California,the University of Tokyo,National Singapore University and the Humboldt University of Berlin,examinng their governance structuresthrough their website or bylaws.In doing this,the paper analyses the composition as well as duties and powers of every governing body in each university.The paper analyzes the ownership of decision-making power of each university from the institutional level.The results show that the eight university professor's power is mainly concentrated in academic power,the professor has almost all decision-making power in academic affairs,but baraly in administrative affairs,especially in the finance,human resourse,planning and development.Then,we analyze the historical development of the governance structure of eight universities in five countries to explain the reasons for the decision-making power attribution.Therefore,this study proposes three proposals which are to promote the academic power and administrative power to competition and co-governance;to promote a broaden participation of stakeholders;to promote the decision-making process specific and transparent.With a view to improving the governance structure of China's universities in operation and provide some reference when encountered in the decision-unclear and other issues.