The Research On The Impact On Labour Employment Due To Manufacturing Industry Upgrading In China

Manufacturing industry is the main body of China's industrial upgrading,and it is also an important department to absorb labor employment.Employment is the biggest livelihood issue,and it is the first time to propose that the employment priority policy should be placed at the macro-policy level in this year's government work report,which fully reflects China's emphasis on employment.The upgrading of manufacturing industry proposed by the Chinese government is essentially the advancement and transformation of industrial technology.While vigorously promoting the upgrading of manufacturing industry,it will also have a profound impact on China's labor-intensive development model.Therefore,how to choose the order of industrial upgrading in the context of manufacturing upgrading,so that we can balance and promote labor employment? How will manufacturing upgrades affect labor employment? The main idea of this thesis is researching on the these problems.First of all,this paper summarizes the existing scholars' viewpoints and abstracts the manufacturing upgrade process to two levels.The first level is promoting the high-level manufacturing structure from the macro perspective;The second level is enhancing the technologies,from the micro perspective,of the manufacturing industry and improved its position in the global value chain.Then,starting from these two paths,this paper analyzes the mechanism of the advanced industrial structure of manufacturing industry and the upgrading of value chain on the employment of the labor force.Finally,it analyzes the development status of the manufacturing industry and the status quo of employment and the development of China's manufacturing industry from the perspective of the global value chain.Subsequently,this paper quantitatively calculates and compares the employment elasticity,industrial structure and employment structure deviation of the three groups of factor-intensive manufacturing industries,and uses the DEA model to measure and analyze the total factor productivity and Malmquist index of various industries.It is found that in the research period of this paper,the average employment elasticity of technology-intensive manufacturing industry is the highest,and its deviation of the industrial employment structure is the lowest.It shows that the employment effect of its output value growth is stronger.Also its industrial structure is coordinated with employment structure.However,the total factor productivity(TFP)of technology-intensive industries is still at a low level.The low rate of technological progress is the main reason for restricting the increase of TFP.Ultimately,this paper establishes a model to estimate the effects of the advanced industrial structure and the improvement of technology level by using the panel data of 28 sub-sectors in the manufacturing industry.The results show that the advanced structure of the manufacturing industry helps to promote employment,and the increasing of the technical level within the industry slightly restrains employment.In the conclusion part of this thesis,there are several industrial and labor market policy recommendations proposed in order to promote employment in the process of manufacturing upgrading.