Study On The Relationship Between Living Habits And Physical Fitness In Chinese Han Children And Adolescents

ObjectiveChildren and adolescents are at a critical stage of growth and development.Healthy living habits and lifestyle can effectively prevent the disorder of endocrine levels in the body and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome such as hypertension and diabetes,and promote the healthy development of their physical health.As an important part of reflecting the status of physical health of children and adolescents,the physical fitness of Han children and adolescents in China has been declining in recent decades.In these decades,the great changes in China's social economy have led to the great changes of children and adolescents'lifestyle.Therefore,this study aims to explore the impact of different living habits on the physical fitness of Han children and adolescents in China,to try to reveal the interrelationship between living habits and physical fitness and provide suggestions for improving the physical health of children and adolescents in China.MethodAccording to the division of Chinese administrative regions(East China,North China,Central South,Northwest,Southwest,and Northeast),the present study adopted a stratified cluster random sampling method,and selected 10,800 Han children and adolescents aged 10~18 years in various administrative regions.The Questionnaire of Adolescent Lifestyle and Physical Fitness was used to conduct living habits surveys and physical fitness tests.Firstly,the physical fitness index was classified into"healthy"physical fitness and"unhealthy physical fitness"by Z-scores.Secondly,Pearson?~2was used for analyzing the relationship of living habits and the level of physical fitness index.Finally,the multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence of various indicators of living habits on the level of physical fitness index.The difference was statistically significant at P<0.05.Results(1)The relationship of living habits and physical fitness:(1)Physical activity:In terms of"in sports",compared with other options,the prevalence of"healthy physical fitness"among"never exercise"of children and adolescents was less,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);In terms of"daily exercise time",the prevelance of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents who took exercise more than 60 minutes per day was greater the prevelance of"unhealthy physical fitness",value is 20.7%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);In terms of"school transportation",the rate of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of"positive"transportation(walking and cycling)was higher than among children and adolescents of"negative"transportation,value is 61.3%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);In terms of"screen time",the rate of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of screen time(<2 h/d)was greater than those of screen time(>2 h/d),value is 82.9%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)Dietary habits:In terms of"the frequency of breakfast per week",compared with other options,the detection rate of"healthy physical fitness"that"basically eating"of children and adolescents was the highest,value is 82.4%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of"the frequency of vegetables per week",compared to other options,the detection rate of"healthy physical fitness"that"basically eating"of children and adolescents was higher.value is 80.0%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)Sleep:In terms of sleep time,the detection rate of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of sleeping"more than 6 hours per day"was higher than among that of"less than 6 hours per day",value is 91%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)The logical regression of impact factors of physical fitness:(1)Physical activity:In terms of"in sports",taking children and adolescents of"no exercise"as a reference,the prevelance of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of"basic daily exercise"was 2.033 times(P<0.05).In terms of"daily exercise time",taking children and adolescents of"less than 30 minutes"as a reference,the prevalence of"more than 60 minutes"among children and adolescents of"positive transportation"was 1.169 times(P<0.05).In terms of"school transport",taking children and adolescents of"negative transportation"as a reference,the prevalence of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of"positive transportation"was 1.480 times(P<0.05).In terms of"screen time",taking children and adolescents of screen time of"more than 2 hours every day"as a reference,the prevalence of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of screen time of"less than 2 hours every day"was 1.314 times(P<0.05).(2)Dietary habits:In terms of"the frequency of breakfast per week",taking children and adolescents of"never eating breakfast"as a reference,the detection rate of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of"often eating breakfast"was1.295 times(P<0.05).(3)Sleep:in terms of"sleep time",Taking children and adolescents of"less than 6 hours every day"as a reference,the detection rate of"health physical fitness"among children and adolescents of"more than 6 hours every day"was 1.454 times(P<0.05).Conclusion and Suggestion Conclusion(1)Appropriate physical activity has an impact on the physical fitness of Han children and adolescents in China.the higher the frequency of engaging in sports,the more adequate the exercise time,the more active the school transport is the protective factor for the physical fitness of Han children and adolescents in China,but the more screen time per day is the risk factor.(2)Good breakfast habits and more than 6h/d of sleep time have an impact on the physical fitness of Han children and adolescents in China.The more"the frequency of breakfast per week"is the protective factor of physical fitness of Han children and adolescents in China,but the less than 6h/d of sleep time is a risk factor.Suggestion(1)We should pay attention to the physical activity of children and adolescents,and try to ensure that children and adolescents have at least one hour of activity every day,while reducing their screen time.(2)In addition,we encourage children and adolescents to go to school by positive way,cultivate children and adolescents to develop good breakfast habits and ensure adequate sleep time for children and adolescents.