| Objective: in order to understand the current situation of xi "an elementary student movement risk occurs,and protective measures to the status quo,to discuss the main influencing factors of primary school sports risk occurs,the analysis of sports injury in school sports work the main problems of protection,to the elementary school sports risk protection work put forward reasonable Suggestions for improvement,and to reduce the incidence of student sports injuries,ensure the smooth operation of the student sports education work,promote the development of physical health of students.Method: using stratified random sampling method,sampling investigation of xi "an urban and rural areas elementary school,among them,the urban and rural primary school students in 1200 were a total of primary school students(grade 1 ~ 6 students),the school sports managers 12,respectively extend"school sports injury protection questionnaire ","the student physical activity questionnaire" and "school sports injury protection management measures questionnaire".This time,a total of 1200 questionnaires were issued to students,among which 1200 were collected,1166 were valid questionnaires and 34 were invalid questionnaires.The recovery rate was 100%,with an effective rate of 97.17%.12 questionnaires were collected from teachers/managers,with 100% recovery and 100% efficiency.Excel was used to input the survey results,and Spss 19.0 data software was used for statistical analysis,including descriptive statistics,independent sample t test,correlation analysis,chi-square test,etc.P<0.05 was considered as the significance level.Results:(1)71.53% of xi ’an primary school students often participate in sports.The participating sports were mainly rope skipping(26.24%)and running(17.24%).31.56% took exercise by themselves and 39.45%took exercise with classmates and friends.Those with excellent physical fitness level accounted for49.48%,29.85%,19.04% and 1.63% respectively.High physical activity participants accounted for58.49%,moderate physical activity participants accounted for 20.07%,and inadequate physical activity participants accounted for 21.44%.(2)The incidence of sports injuries among xi ’an primary school students is 50.25%,with 49.57%,27.79%,10.80%,3.52% and 1.63% of the students having one,two,three,four or more sports injuries.49.83% of boys and 51.08% of girls;The incidence of injury was 53.13% in grades 1-2,48.26% in grades 3-4,and 50.42% in grades 5-6.The incidence of injury was 46.19% in urban areas and 55.19% in rural areas.(3)Among the 1166 respondents,the injury occurred mainly in off-campus and extracurricular sports activities,accounting for 25.85% and 25.51 respectively;The injured site was mainly made of cement and lawn,accounting for 32.65% and 23.81% respectively.Sports with the highest incidence of injury accounted for 27.04%,followed by football and basketball with 12.24% and 11.22% respectively.48.12% were injured by falling,19.73% by collision,and 18.88% by torsion.The injured areas were mainly knee and ankle,accounting for 30.95% and 17.01% respectively.The main injury was acute injury(64.97%).The main types of injuries were skin abrasions(abrasions,stab wounds,cuts and contusions)(61.39%)and muscle injuries(contusions and strains)(13.61%).The main cause of injury was insufficient preparation(30.78%).After the injury,19.05% were handled by parents,17.69% by head teachers,16.33% by physical education teachers and 12.24% by themselves.Treatment sites accounted for 26.02% of the injured site and 22.79% of the infirmary.62.07 percent recovered within a week and 22.43 percent within a month.57.65% of the patients recovered and 21.09% of the patients got better.(4)The injury incidence of xi ’an primary school students with excellent physical fitness was 52.33%,47.41% with good physical fitness,49.55% with passing physical fitness,and 57.89% with failingphysical fitness.The injury incidence of the participants with high physical activity was 50.14%,the injury incidence of the participants with moderate physical activity was 52.56%,and the injury incidence of the physical activity insufficiency was 49.20%.(5)In terms of school sports facilities,83.33% of xi ’an primary schools have physical education facilities that can meet normal physical education,while 16.67% cannot meet normal physical education;58.33% of the sports equipment and facilities in schools are marked with safety tips or disclaimers,and41.67% of the sports equipment and facilities in schools are not marked.91.67% of the schools have special personnel to check the safety of the site equipment and facilities;66.67% of the schools have sports safety regulations and rules;In terms of school medical conditions,83.33% of schools have regular infirmary,and 8.33% have no regular infirmary.In 66.67% of schools,equipment and drugs commonly used in infirmary can meet the first-aid needs of sports injury protection,while 23.08% of schools cannot meet them.The school has professional medical staff related to sports injury protection,among which 40% are sports medicine or surgery,and 10% are paediatrics or internal medicine,surgery or paediatrics.In terms of teachers’ cognition,75% of physical education teachers and related personnel in schools have received training of first aid and CPR for injuries,while 25% of physical education teachers and related personnel in schools have not received such training.91.67% of the teachers were able to give first aid treatment after the students were injured.In 91.67% of schools,PE teachers can not only lead students to do preparation activities before class,but also remind students to pay attention to safety in sports activities or training.There are 72.73 PE teachers who can reasonably arrange teaching content,difficulty and intensity.In terms of emergency treatment after the occurrence of injury,83.33%of schools have emergency response procedures for sports injury contingency plans.After the occurrence of injury,83.33% of schools have special public relations personnel to deal with the aftermath of the injury in accordance with legal procedures and the principle of liability in civil liability compensation.Conclusion:(1)The incidence of sports injuries in xi ’an primary school students is higher among girls than boys;Grades 1-2 are higher than grades 3-6;Athletics,basketball and football were the most common sports injuries.Fall and twist were the main actions when the injury occurred.The injury mainly focused on the knee and ankle;The types of injury(according to tissue)were mainly skin injury and muscle injury.The nature of the injury was mainly acute.(2)Xi ’an primary school students with moderate physical activity have the highest incidence of injury,followed by those with high physical activity,and those with insufficient physical activity have the lowest incidence of injury.(3)The sports injury incidence rate of xi ’an primary school students with "excellent" academic performance and "failing" physical fitness level is high.(4)Among the influencing factors of xi ’an primary school students’ sports risk,the main factors of students themselves are insufficient preparation activities,excessive exertion and poor self-protection;There are many problems in school,such as imperfect site facilities safety and management system,insufficient medical personnel,and insufficient ability of physical education teachers to deal with risks.Advice:(1)Xi ’an primary school students should improve the awareness of sports safety protection,develop correct exercise habits,and exercise scientifically and reasonably.In the process of learning sports skills,attention should be paid to the standardization of movements,to strengthen the stability and strength of the knee and ankle joints,and to wear protective devices when exercising,so as to reduce the occurrence of injury.(2)Parents should have a correct understanding of sports participation,pay attention to the healthy development of students,support students to participate in sports,avoid putting too much emphasis on literature and too little on body,and increase students’ sports injuries caused by surprise training in order to cope with exams.At the same time,they should actively learn relevant knowledge of sports injury protection,improve their ability to deal with injuries,and avoid the aggravation of injuries caused by delayed treatment in daily life.(3)School physical education workers should improve their ability to deal with sports risks.In the course arrangement,teachers should adjust the content,difficulty and progress of the course according to the level of students,so as to avoid increasing the risk of students’ sports in order to complete the task.(4)The relevant departments of the school should pay attention to the risk management of students’ participation in sports,improve the safety management system of school sports venues and equipment,carry out regular safety inspection of venue,equipment and facilities,eliminate potential safety hazards,strengthen the safety education of students’ participation in sports,and improve students’ awareness of safety participation in sports.At the same time,sports education participants should be regularly trained in sports skills and first aid treatment of sports injuries,so as to improve teachers’ first aid treatment ability. |
PDF Full Text Request