Research On The Training Mode Of Engineering Talents In The Early Period Of The Republic Of China

With the help of case analysis,this paper starts the historical investigation of the engineering talent training mode of the university in the early stage from the aspects of training objectives,curriculum setting and teaching links,in order to form a regular understanding,and then reform the training model of higher engineering talents in the context of today's new engineering.Optimization provides lessons to be learned.First,through the exploration and interpretation of relevant historical materials,we will sort out the evolution of the development of higher engineering talent training models before the Republic of China.In the Westernization Period,in response to the needs of the national military industry,China initially established a higher engineering education that imitated the British and French engineering vocational education models as the starting point for development,and formed a training model for engineering talents.Based on the integration of factory and school and the combination of engineering and learning,we attach great importance to the cultivation of students' skilled operational ability.During the New Deal period in the late Qing Dynasty,under the influence of the Japanese education model,engineering education reversed the tendency to focus on national defense and military,and began to turn to the training of various types of high-level professionals in various fields of economic construction.The disciplines and professional settings have been extended to many engineering fields in the industrial,mining,transportation and other industries.Curriculum construction and teaching activities have also begun to develop in a standardized and institutionalized way.Secondly,taking the engineering of National Southeast University under the leadership of Mao Yisheng as a specific case study,the specific content of the training model of higher engineering talents in this period was analyzed.Under the auspices of Mao Yisheng,Dongda Engineering has formed a talent training model of “combination of specialties through the absorption of American higher engineering education concepts”.The main content of this model is: the establishment of the training objective of “cultivating talents in engineering”;the construction of engineering curriculum based on the main and auxiliary system,comprehensive comprehensive engineering,science,humanities and economic education;Mr.Kao's teaching method and extracurricular research and guidance system are characterized by teaching methods;in the teaching process,emphasis is placed on experiments,internships,and field trips;in extracurricular activities,emphasis is placed on cultivating student autonomy,teacher guidance,and development of various qualities and abilities;The professional full-time teaching staff,complete library materials and experimental internship equipment,build a hard environment for training senior engineering talents,and provide a guarantee for the smooth progress of academic activities of engineering teachers and students.Third,sum up the characteristics of the talent training mode of higher engineering education in the early Republic of China.Through the research,it can be found that the higher education education in the early period of the Republic of China took the disciplined system as the content,and the talent cultivation as the center of development,which formed the characteristics of the higher engineering talent training mode in this period:(1)cultivated with the combination of “communication and specialization” The concept attaches importance to the cultivation of the comprehensive quality and ability of engineering talents;(2)implements the main and auxiliary system,comprehensive comprehensive engineering,science,humanities and economic education;(3)attaches importance to practical training,emphasizing the cultivation,training and formation of students' practical ability;(4)Emphasize the combination of teaching and research,and pay attention to the cultivation of students' self-reliance.Its enlightenment to the cultivation of current engineering education talents in China:(1)establish the educational concept of “big project” and strengthen the comprehensive quality training of engineering talents;(2)optimize the curriculum structure and promote the organic combination of general education courses and professional courses;3)Highlight the importance of engineering practice teaching,so that engineering education is truly oriented to ‘ineering practice';(4)Introducing research into school,supplementing research with students,and strengthening the training of students' innovative thinking and autonomy.