A Study On Characteristics Of Pre-competetion Physical Training Of High-Level Race Walkers

As a traditional track and field event,China’s race walking has been in the leading position in the world for a long time.Over the years,China has devoted itself to training high-level athletes of walking race.Our high-level athletes have also repeatedly created excellent results in domestic and foreign competitions.For the race walking events,in order to achieve excellent results,in the pre-race training,athletes need not only special training of race walking skills,but also systematic physical training.However,scholars at home and abroad lack systematic research on the impact of race walking events,especially pre-race physical training on race walking.Therefore,based on the blank of previous studies,this study takes Wang Kaihua,an athlete who participated in the 18 th Jakarta Asian Games,as the research subject.Wang Kaihua has won many excellent results in men’s 20 km race walking at home and abroad,and won the championship in the men’s 20 km race walking in Jakarta Asian Games in 2018 with the result of 1 hour,22 minutes and 04 seconds.This research adopted the methods of documentation,expert interview,test and data statistics.Taking Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training as the research content,this paper analysed the characteristics of Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training plan,including: the characteristics of endurance training,strength training,flexibility training,recovery measures and focuses on flexibility.The characteristics of toughness training are analyzed.Secondly,the sports load of Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training was analyzed.This part mainly analysed the characteristics of Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training quantity and intensity.Thirdly,the effect of Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training was analyzed.This part was based on the test results of relevant indexes of Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training and pre-competition special training sports.The results and the results of the competition were discussed,and the test results of the relevant indicators were analyzed emphatically.Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training plan includes endurance training,strength training,flexibility training and recovery training,among which the proportion of each training content is 57.6% endurance training,14.1% stretching after training,12.1% strength training and 16.2% recovery training.The characteristics of each content are as following: endurance training adopts lower intensity in the initial stage of training and during heavy load training.Aerobic endurance training and strength training aimed at Wang Kaihua’s injured parts:strength training programs for hip and left knee were mainly for lower limb strength training,flexibility training is mainly for stretching training,and the main part of stretching is still around Wang Kaihua’s injured parts and the coordinated physical recovery formulated by Wang Kaihua.Compound methods are mainly divided into six aspects: maintaining body fluid balance,assisted massage,assisted stretching,heat/cold water alleviating affected muscle groups,ensuring nutrition and ensuring adequate and high-quality sleep.Through the analysis of the above contents,this paper studied the characteristics of the setting of various physical training items,the time arrangement characteristics of various physical training items and the arrangement characteristics of the amount and intensity of pre-competition physical training for high-level race walkers.It also analysed the influence of such pre-competition physical training plans on the athletes’ pre-competition special training results and physical training.It drawed the following conclusion.All kinds of training items formulated by Wang Kaihua’s pre-competition physical fitness training plan are conducive to Wang Kaihua’s better recovery;the proportion of each training item is more reasonable;the plan is conducive to improving Wang Kaihua’s training achievements and is beneficial to Wang Kaihua’s training.In pre-competition physical fitness training,low intensity and reduced weight physical fitness training mode is beneficial to Wang Kaihua’s training.In the view of Wang Kaihua’s training,the physical fitness training mode is beneficial to Wang Kaihua.The pre-competition training plan formulated by the injury problem is conducive to alleviating the pain,reducing the impact of the injury and making it recover better.The formulation of the plan is beneficial for Wang Kaihua to achieve better results in the competition.