Investigation On The Effectiveness And Restriction Bottlenecks Of Vocational Training For Retired Athletes In Jiangsu Province

With the development of competitive sports in our country,many sports are gradually developing towards professionalization.The change of competitive sports system not only brings motivation for active athletes and reserve sports talents to strive hard,but also brings opportunities for the employment and development of retired athletes.As a special group,retired athletes need to supplement their professional ability in employment in many ways.Therefore,in order to improve the successful employment rate of retired athletes,it is necessary to build a two-way training mechanism that can meet the needs of retired athletes and positions.This paper combs and analyses the development of professional training of retired athletes in Jiangsu Province by using the methods of documentation,interview and questionnaire.It is concluded that the goal of relevant training departments is to raise the awareness of reemployment of athletes,to enhance the basic professional quality of athletes as a whole and to help them succeed in employment.Athletes participate in training for different purposes,of which 70.4% are expected to improve their professional ability,indicating that athletes participating in training have a high enthusiasm.The vocational training of retired athletes in our province includes comprehensive quality and skill appraisal.The relevant contents of training are similar every year.The average participation rate is 73.8%,but the annual participation rate is unstable.Through the investigation,we know that the basic situation of retired athletes in our province is: retired age mainly concentrates between 21 and 24 years old,transport age basically reaches more than 10 years,the technical level of sports mainly concentrates on the first level and national master level,and three quarters of retired athletes have undergraduate degree.The survey found that nearly 40% of the athletes choose to continue to receive education after training,and the content of training can not be applied immediately,which has a great impact on the effectiveness of training.Most of the students who are directly employed are still employed in the sports industry.Based on Kohl's four-level evaluation theory,this study compares the process of vocational training with that of standardizing vocational training,and analyses the response level,learning level,behavior level and result level,as well as case studies,and draws the following conclusions:(1)Compared with the standard vocational training process,the inadequate preparations for the pre-vocational training of retired athletes in our province are the main factors that restrict the effectiveness of training.(2)The complexity of retired athletes' own conditions has an important impact on training,including athletes' events,age and athletes' psychological readiness before training.(3)There are deficiencies in the organization and management of training in relevant departments.Athletes expect more authoritative institutions to undertake training.Current training lacks supervision system and evaluatio n feedback link.(4)The setting of curriculum objectives and contents of training lacks pertinence.There is no clear standard for the content of training in our province.The content of training is widely applied,but the training time is short and it is difficult to form a systematic learning effect.(5)The training lacks the connection with the practice base.After training,the athletes can not apply what they have learned to their actual positions,and the transfer effect of training is not good.(6)At the end of the article,according to the restriction bottleneck of vocational training for retired athletes in our province,we put forward some pertinent suggestions to improve the effectiveness of Vocational training.