Analysis And Research On The History Of Biological Science In Five Versions Of Junior Middle School Biology Textbooks

With the exploration and reform in the field of science education at home and abroad,the science education community has been paying more and more attention to the history of science and the nature of science.In the science curriculum,more and more emphasis has been put on promoting the understanding of the nature of science through the history of science.In the curriculum standards of compulsory education in China,it was mentioned that the nature of biology curriculum should reflect the essence of natural science.The basic concept of curriculum should focus on guiding students to understand the nature of science.As an important carrier of organizational teaching in science education curriculum,biology textbooks contain a certain number of biological science histories to interpret the nature of science.Therefore,this paper would conduct a comprehensive analysis of the history of the biological sciences of the five versions of a complete set of 24 textbooks and focus on the nature of the science.This paper adopts a systematic analysis of the history of biological sciences in five versions of junior high school biology textbooks from four dimensions,namely the quantity,content,presentation mode and illustration of the nature of science.Using the content analysis method and comparative research method,the junior high school biology textbooks were analyze based on the Compulsory Education Biology Curriculum Standard(2011 edition).These biology textbooks were published by People's Education Publishing Press,Beijing Normal University Press,Jiangsu Education Publishing Press,Hebei Children's Press and Jinan Press.Characteristics of the number,content,and presentation of the history of biological science and the manifestations of the nature of science were compared.(1)The number of texts of the history of biological sciences in the five versions of the textbooks exceeds 30,in which the number of the textbooks published by Jinan Press is up to 40,indicating that each version of the textbooks incorporates a certain amount of biological science history content to present biological knowledge.In the textbooks published by Peop le's Education Press,Beijing Normal University Press,and Jiangsu Education Press,there is more than one picture appearing in each text of the history of biological science,which contributes to the presentation of professional knowledge.The average pictures of the textbooks of Hebei Children's Press and Jinan Education Press are 0.95 and 0.725,respectively.(2)The history of biological science is similar but not identical in the five versions of textbooks.Each version of the textbooks focuses on the history of biological sciences of the each development phase of biological science.The types of materials in the history of biological science include “referring to a scientific discovery”,“description a research process”,“description the process of scientific inquiry” and “science,technology and society”.(3)In the five versions of the textbooks,the history of biological science presented in the non-text position is more than that in the text position,and which is presented in the columns of the textbook in the non-text position to reflect and exert the different functions of history of biological science.(4)The five-version textbooks of history of biological science contain history of biology including biological knowledge,scientists' research activities,and scientists' contributions to human society.The history of biological science has different levels of manifestation on the three levels of the nature of scientific knowledge,the nature of scientific inquiry,and the nature of scientific undertaking.In the five versions of the textbooks,the textbooks published by Jinan Education Press focuses on the integration the text of history of the bioscience.And the textbooks published by People's Education Press concern on the matching of pictures and bioscience history texts.Every version of the textbook can flexibly select the different theme,different bioscience development stages,and material type of the history of biological science,and set diverse columns to present history of biological science.Although the history of biological science in various versions of textbooks reflects the nature of science to different degrees,the manifestation of the essential features of science is still not comprehensive and uneven.Therefore,based on the above conclusions,some suggestions have been put forward from the perspectives of textbook writers and teaching.On the one hand,writers should not only pay attention to the textual content of the history of biological science,but also focus on adding the latest achievements in the development of biological sciences,as well as selecting bio-science history pictures and materials when writing biological textbooks.At the same time,it is necessary to enrich the column showing the history of biological science,clearly present the function of the history of biological science,and pay attention to the history of biological science in the textbook systematically to show the nature of science.On the other hand,teachers and students are advised to pay more attention to the history of biological science,and enhance the attention to the nature of science.Teachers should flexibly use the history of biological science to enrich classroom teaching activities,which will guide students to construct biological knowledge and understand the nature of science more effectively.