The Study On The Senior Kindergarten Class Children's Problem-solving Behaviors In The Construction Game

By using the qualitative research methods,adopting the observation method of event sampling,participating in the site of kindergarten construction activity,observing and recording children's problems and their problem-solving behaviors,this study mainly focuses on the problems encountered by senior kindergarten class children in the construction games and its solutions.The research results are as follows:In terms of the problem type,the problems generated by “human-material” include material problems and construction problems;the problems generated by“human-human” include possession problem,integration problem,prevention problem,conflict problem,and passive problem;one's own emotional problems include the emotional problem caused by failure,the emotional problem caused by anger,and the emotional problem caused by jealousy.In terms of the problem-solving method type,the active problem-solving can be divided into self-independent without self-thinking method,which includes scramble,defense,and attempt;self-independent with the self-thinking method,which includes improvement,transformation and creation;relying on others without self-thinking method,which includes ask for help;relying on others with self-thinking method,which includes negotiation and reasoning.And the passive problem-solving can be divided into oblivion,avoidance and silence.Among the collected problems,we can find that the frequency of the problem in the indoor activities is higher than the outdoor activities in the construction activity;children's exploration of “human” or “material” is balanced,they are not inclined to a specific side subjectively,although the frequency of material problems and scramble problems are very high,and the emotional problems are relatively high,few children are aware of the appearance of problem.Through the collected problem-solving behaviors,we can found that the time spent by children in problem-solving is relatively short;the using-method types are varied;most children adopted the self-independent without self-thinking method.They choose the attempt method in the problem of ”material” and scramble and negotiation method in the problem of ”human”.for the emotional problems,they used the oblivion method;children's awareness in the problem-solving process isn't strong,as a unique solution for children,the oblivion method is often used by them;children's problem-solving process is an interaction of multiple solutions,and the way used by children to solve the same type of problem is uncertain;most of the problem-solving in children rely on themselves and without the involvement of adults.