The Sequential Effect Of Different Exercise On Energy Expenditure And Apelin In Young Men

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to understand the differences in energy expenditure between different acute exercises.At the same time,the basal metabolic rate before and 24h,48h,and 72h after exercise intervention was measured to compare the resting metabolic rate of young males with sedation and motility.The characteristics of sexual effects,as well as the characteristics of temporal changes in plasma apelin before and after exercise,immediately after exercise,1 h,3 h,24 h,48 h,and 72 h were studied in order to analyze the effects of apelin on resting energy expenditure.In this way,it provides theoretical support for formulating motion intervention programs that precisely increase the resting metabolic rate.MethodsThe experiment is divided into two parts:1.28 sedentary young male subjects participated in 5 kinds of acute exercise:High intensity interval training（HIIT1 and HIIT2）and strength training（ST）,maximum fat oxidation intensity（FATmax）and anaerobic threshold intensity training（AT）.At least one week between each exercise intervention.HIIT1:participants completed 6×30s all out sprints separated by 90s active rest of 50%VO₂max.HIIT2:that consisted of 5×4min 90%VO₂max bouts of running separated by 4 min active rest of 3km/h.ST:Formal training includes squats,bench presses,deadlifts,barbell rowing,shoulder presses,standing curls,and sit-ups;strength is 8-12RM,repeats 4 groups,intermittent 60-90s in the group,intermittent4min between groups.FATmax:The maximum fat oxidation rate test uses25%VO_2max、35%VO_2max、45%VO_2max、55%VO_2max、65%VO_2max、75%VO_2max,and the test duration is 6 minutes.Each test break interval is 5 minutes,and then the maximum fat is calculated.Oxidation rate.Formal training includes the maximum fat oxidation rate intensity run for 45 min.AT:According to VO2max to determine the subject’s ventilation anaerobic threshold.Formal training includes a 45-min individual anaerobic threshold intensity run.Apelin and energy expenditure were measured before exercise intervention,during exercise and immediately,1h,3h,24h,48h,72h after exercise.2.For 16 subjects in the training group（T group）and 10 in the control group（C group）,16-week anaerobic threshold intensity exercise interventions were performed.Results1.Changes in energy expenditure and its indicators in different exercise modes:The energy consumption of HIIT1（53.0±7.19）and AT（52.3±8.65）increased significantly compared with HIIT2（44.6±4.39）and FATmax（34.4±10.86）（P<0.05）,but there was no significant difference between HIIT1 and AT.Compared with HIIT1,the carbohydrate and protein consumption of HIIT2 were significantly reduced（P<0.05）;the carbohydrate consumption of FATmax was significantly reduced（P<0.01）,but the increase in fat oxidation was significantly（P<0.05）.2.The sequential changes in resting energy expenditure after different interventions:HIIT1:the resting energy expenditure was significantly higher after exercise 24h（5.76±0.42KJ/min）（P<0.05）than at rest（5.39±0.38KJ/min）.HIIT2:the resting energy expenditure was significantly higher after exercise 24h（5.76±0.38KJ/min）（P<0.01）than at rest（5.30±0.44KJ/min）.ST:the resting energy expenditure was significantlyhigherafter exercise24h（6.0±0.48KJ/min）（P<0.01）and48h（5.53±0.35KJ/min）（P<0.05）than at rest（5.18±0.38KJ/min）.FATmax and AT did not cause a significant increase in resting energy expenditure 24 h after intervention.3.The sequential changes apelin after different interventions:HIIT1:the plasma apelin level was significantly higher after exercise 1h（52.09±21.74ng/ml）（P<0.01）and 3h（43.96±20.82ng/ml）（P<0.01）than at rest（24.861±1.26ng/ml）.HIIT2:the plasma apelin level was significantly higher after exercise immediately（44.52±20.20ng/ml）（P<0.05）,1h（72.74±36.54ng/ml）（P<0.01）than at rest（29.28±18.33ng/ml）.ST:the plasma apelin level was significantly higher after exercise 1h（58.72±30.82ng/ml）（P<0.01）3h（59.60±26.70ng/ml）（P<0.01）than at rest（31.14±16.16 ng/ml）.FATmax:the plasma apelin level was significantly higher after exercise 3h（46.4±23.44ng/ml）（P<0.05）than at rest（31.53±15.92ng/ml）.AT:the plasma apelin level was significantly decreased after exercise immediately（21.67±9.53ng/ml）（P<0.05）,and significantly higher 3h（59.25±19.32ng/ml）（P<0.01）than at rest（34.33±15.2ng/ml）.4.After16 weeks anaerobic threshold exercise intervention,plasma apelin content（33.53±16.32ng/ml）was significantly higher in the training group than in the control group（21.72±10.07ng/ml）（P<0.01）;there was a correlation between plasma apelin content and BMI and body weight after 16-week anaerobic threshold exercise.Conclusion1.Short-term high-intensity interval training consumes the largest amount of energy per unit of time;and strength training can increase the resting energy consumption continuously to the third morning.2.The effects of different exercise modes on the apelin of the body did not exceed 24hours,and there was no sequential relationship between resting energy expenditure and apelin.3.16 weeks of anaerobic threshold exercise can improve the body composition of young men and reduce the plasma apelin content at rest,while apelin changes correlate with BMI and body fat.Therefore,apelin may affect energy for a long time by improving body composition.Consumption.