Research On Operational Mechanism Of Shanghai Public Platform For R&D And Transformation Of Generic Technology

Generic technology lies between the basic technology and applied technology and it is an important bridge connecting the innovation chain and the industrial chain.The public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology is connected with parties of government,enterprises,universities and research institutes,and is a significant carrier for the effective supply and acceleration of generic technology.In accordance with the requirements of accelerating the march to build Shanghai as a science and technology innovation center with global influence,the construction of a number of public platforms for R&D and transformation of generic technology is accelerated,however,the operational mechanism to ensure the efficient operation of public platforms is still under exploration,restricting the key leap of scientific and technological achievements from innovation chain to industrial chain.It can be seen from the review of domestic literature that the theoretical system of public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology has not yet been formed,the operational mechanism of public platform is lack of specific design,and the key factors and internal mechanisms of public platform affecting R&D and transformation of generic technology is lack of in-depth analysis.On the basis of defining the concept of operational mechanism of public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology,this paper assumes insufficient supply and poor diffusion of generic technology under Market Failure Theory,observes from the perspective of how to realize the diversified governance and open sharing of bilateral public platforms,studies the operational mechanism of Shanghai public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology,and aims to give customized policy recommendations in order to promote R&D and transformation of generic technology.Firstly,based on literature research,this paper systematically summarizes the research and practice on the management of public platform for the R&D and transformation of generic technology at home and abroad,and points out that the existing research on the operational mechanism of public platform is relatively inadequate,and the in-depth study on the composition and transformation of public platform is relatively insufficient,the funding forms and assessment methods of public platform are more limited in the theoretical discussion.On the basis of inheriting and discarding the existing researches at home and abroad,this paper defines the concept of public platform for the R&D and transformation of generic technology,points out that the operational mechanism of public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology is an organic integrity that are composed of four parts,including organizational structure and management structure,funding forms,diffusion modes,and assessment methods.Secondly,through theoretical research,the paper describes the origin and evolution,concept and principle,connotation and meaning of Market Failure Theory and Two-sided Platform Theory in details,and points out that the generic technology has "multiple failures" in supply and diffusion,the public platform should adopt the spirit of multi-sharing,multi-participation and multi-governance,which provides theoretical basis for why and how the government should intervene in operation management of public platform for the R&D of generic technology.Again,through empirical research,in-depth interviews were conducted with Shanghai public department managers and public platform managers.The research shows that organizational structure and management structure which focuses on the non-profit orientation and enterprise management,form of funding institutions,diffusion mode with business incubator,and periodic performance evaluation system based on contract constitute the operational mechanism of current Shanghai public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology,however,there are still some deficiencies in the diversity of organizational structure and management structure,the flexibility of funding forms,the universality of diffusion modes,and the encouragement of assessment methods.Through an in-depth analysis of the operating status and existing problems of the public platform based on the interview data,the theoretical research in the above chapters is well reflected.Lastly,comparative research based on some excellent public platforms for the R&D and transformation of generic technology in the international developed economies and the domestic developed regions,point outs that the successful cases generally have semiofficial organization and management structure,funding forms considering stability,efficiency,focusing and phasing,diffusion modes upholding public service orientation and demand orientation,and assessment methods closely related to user evaluation and government funding.On this basis,combined with the literature research,theoretical research,and empirical research in the above chapters,it provides countermeasures for Shanghai to select new operational mechanism of public platform for R&D and transformation of generic technology in line with its own reality.