The Role Of Populism In Foreign Policy

As the "eternal shadow" of representative democracy,populism runs through the development of modern democratic politics.The third wave of populism in the context of globalization is sweeping the world again,The impact on the political ecology of western countries also has a profound impact on world politics.With more and more populists in power,Foreign policy in many countries has populist value propositions,This suggests that populism is becoming an interventionist variable that affects a country's foreign policy.From a political standpoint,the notion of populism is highly controversial,Six main approaches have been formed around its concept: Including ideology,political movement,political strategy,political logic,political style and discourse.The definition of populism from the perspective of foreign policy is relatively uniform,Researchers generally tend to conceptualize populism as a thin-centered ideology.Its core characteristics are anti-elitism and anti-pluralism.On this basis,this paper conceptualizes populism as an ideological system with the core characteristics of anti-elite and anti-pluralism.Assumptions are made about the characteristics of populist foreign policy.Based on the assumption of anti-pluralism,Populists will weaken global governance and reject multilateral co-operation.The anti-elitist assumption is that populists will centralise decision-making and use social media.In American history,although the color of populism is relatively weak,But it has never strayed from the spectrum of American politics.The surge of populism in contemporary America helped propel Donald trump to the White House,His foreign policy after he came to power has the prominent characteristic of populism,Therefore,the foreign policy investigation of the trump administration constitutes the realistic basis for verifying the hypothesis.Compared to the Obama administration,which represents traditional elitism,There has been a marked shift in the trumpadministration's foreign policy on global governance and multilateral cooperation This confirms the hypothesis based on the anti-multivariate feature.At the same time,as the trump administration's foreign behavior converges with that of the Obama administration in some aspects,the theoretical assumption based on anti-elite theory has not been fully verified.By analyzing the deviations between theoretical assumptions and practical policies,it can be found that populism has a limited role in foreign policy.It is a thin-centered ideology.that can be tweaked by adjusting national perceptions,Distorted mainstream value orientation,Reconstructing national identity To play a guiding role in foreign policy.The foreign policies influenced by populism not only have the characteristics of anti-establishment tendency and focus on short-term benefits,At the same time also has the strong individualism color extremely.