The Analysis Of The Class Differences In Shadow Education

Since the 1990 s,the shadow education,which is accompanied by school education,has developed rapidly.Shadow education has an important impact on educational inequality and class solidification.The research on shadow education in domestic academic circles is still in the exploratory stage,and the research on the differences of shadow education strata is relatively scarce.This study is mainly based on the data of China Education Follow-up Survey(CEPS 2013-2014),and supplemented by the baseline interview data of Jinan urban family children's educational development and living conditions.This paper summarizes the status of shadow education and its class differences,explores the influence of social class differences on shadow education and its mechanism.On this basis,to explore the relevant policy implications of shadow education class differences.Firstly,this paper measures the indicators of shadow education,constructs the comprehensive level index,content structure index,input level index and practice participation index of shadow education,and divides the class from the four dimensions of social-economic status(SES),income,occupation and educational level.On this basis,summed up the shadow of the status of education and the basic characteristics of the status of class differences.It is found that the content structure of shadow education in China has been optimized in recent years,and the academic type and the internal development type are running neck and neck;The distribution of money input in the class is “L” type,and the distribution of time input is relatively balanced;Shadow education has frequent parent-child interaction,while the frequency of home-school interaction is low;The content structure of shadow education has significant difference among different classes;There is a great difference in the level of money investment among different classes,and a significant difference in the level of time investment;Parent-child interaction in upper-middle class families is more frequent.The class differences of home-school interaction are relatively low.Secondly,on the basis of descriptive analysis,this paper further discusses the influence degree and influence mechanism of different strata on shadow education by constructing regressionanalysis model and mediating effect model.The degree of influence of socioeconomic status on shadow education is consistent with that of income status and occupational status,but the degree of influence of socioeconomic status on shadow education is inconsistent with that of cultural level on shadow education;Parents' educational expectations in socioeconomic status and shadow education,occupational status and shadow education,cultural level and shadow education play a positive mediating effect,while the mediating effect between income status and shadow education is not significant.Finally,based on the above findings,this paper explores tthe policy implications of class differences in shadow education,and puts forward some relevant policy recommendations,such as the establishment of children's education development account and development-oriented social assistance policy,in order to alleviate the class differences of shadow education has a far-reaching impact on class inequality,especially on the development of children in the poor class.