On Young Marx And Engels’ Theory Of Proletarian Revolution(1843-1848)

In the new era of the 21 st century,with the extensive application of information and technology and the change of industrial structure,many industrial workers in the West live a rich life.The phenomenon of extreme poverty in the period of free competition of capitalism is no longer the main problem of social reality.Violent revolutionary activities such as uprisings,strikes and conflicts accompanied by the workers’ movement have been far away from real life.In this context,some western scholars proposed to re-understand the proletarian revolutionary theory and the outdated revolutionary theory of some viewpoints,the proletarian revolutionary theory was "marginalized".In the history of the world,under the guidance of the proletarian revolutionary theory,Russia won the victory of socialism,and China embarked on the development road of new China and made great achievements in reform and opening up.It is undeniable that the proletarian revolutionary theory embodies the methodology of understanding social problems and the revolutionary spirit of changing the world in the revolutionary movement,which is also the value of revolutionary theory.Therefore,it is necessary from the initial formation period of the proletarian revolutionary theory,based on the formation process of the young Marx and Engels’ proletarian revolutionary theory,to re-interpret the ideological connotation of the proletarian revolutionary theory,explore the methodology and revolutionary spirit of the proletarian revolutionary theory.Understanding and solving the problem of proletarian poverty is the ideological context of young Marx and Engels’ proletarian revolutionary theory.The British Industrial Revolution in the 1760 s and the French Revolution in 1789 promoted the development of Capitalism in Europe,resulting in the social reality that the proletariat suffered from poverty,and extreme poverty became a serious social problem at that time.At that time,the land reform promulgated by the Prussian government in Germany led to the impoverishment of the peasants in the country.The weavers uprising in Silesia made Marx and Engels see the revolutionary power of the proletariat in his youth.In the pursuit of freedom and equality in the capitalist society,Marx saw many proletarians still living in dirty clothes and living in precarious caves,and saw the practical problems of the proletariat suffering universal suffering.The questioning and reflection of practical problems begins with criticizing the German system and critical philosophy.In the field of economic activities,Marx and Engels found that the existence of private ownership and alienated labor is the root cause of the proles to suffer poverty and oppression.The practical point of view is the core of the proletarian revolutionary theory of young Marx and Engels.It aims at solving the poverty problem of the proletariat and overthrowing the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie.In the course of the formation of the proletarian revolutionary theory,Marx and Engels summarized and reflected on the poverty in the proletarian revolutionary theory from the viewpoint of historical materialism,thought about the emancipation of people and social revolution from the viewpoint of practice,and reflected their theoretical consciousness in the elaboration of the revolutionary subject,revolutionary mode and revolutionary goal.The formation of the proletarian revolutionary theory of young Marx and Engels is based on the criticism of the limits of the bourgeois political revolution and the recognition of the proletariat’s conscious revolutionary consciousness,and on the reality of the proletariat’s suffering.In this process of cognition,Marx and Engels experienced the philosophical revolution-political revolution-social revolution cognition path.The proletarian revolutionary theory formed in this period laid a solid foundation for the development of Marx’s mature thought in the period of Das Kapital.As the preliminary formation of the theory of proletarian revolution,the theory of proletarian revolution of young Marx and Engels in the criticism of bourgeois political revolution and the understanding of proletarian social revolution provides the understanding preparation and action program for the revolutionary practice of the proletariat.After experiencing the proletarian revolutionary movements such as the June uprising of the Workers in Paris and the Commune revolution in Paris after 1848,the theory of young Marx and Engels experienced the experience summary of the proletarian revolutionary movement and finally completed the complete expression of the proletarian revolutionary theory.In contemporary times,the proletarian revolutionary theory has changed because of the social reality in the formation period,the production process and the social structure have changed,the proletariat is no longer poor,the original revolutionary movement and revolutionary model have become outdated,resulting in the phenomenon of "marginalization" of the revolutionary theory.However,the revolutionary spirit embodied in the proletarian revolutionary movement,the revolutionary spirit of changing the world and creating a better life,is the eternal value of the revolutionary theory,and we need to inject this spirit into the practice of construction in the new era.