Study On The Impact Of Labor Contract On Working Time Of Workers

Working hours are the time for workers to enter the employing units and engage in labor.According to the statistical data of China's Labor Statistics Yearbook,the average working hours of urban employees in the survey week are more than 44 hours,and the problem of prolonged working hours is common in China,which will not only cause employment crowding-out effect and work inefficiency,but also seriously endanger the health of workers and damage their rights of rest and vacation.The labor law of our country has made strict regulations on the working hours.At the same time,it also stipulates that the employer and the workers should conclude a written labor contract to guarantee the rights and obligations of both sides when establishing labor relations.Under the background of the widespread extension of working time,whether the labor contract can play a role has a profound effect on protecting the rights and interests of workers.At present,most of the researches focus on the protection of workers' rights and interests focuses on the improvement of workers' wages and welfare benefits and the coverage of social security.The research on working hours mainly focuses on the satisfaction of working hours.Few articles directly study the impact of the signing and duration of labor contracts on workers' working hours.Based on the theoretical basis,this paper analyses the impact mechanism of labor contract on working hours of workers.The research angle is relatively novel and comprehensive,which enriches the research on the impact of labor contract on working hours of workers.This paper takes labor contract,short-term and long-term labor contract as independent variables,average weekly working hours as dependent variables,and sex,age,education level,industry,nature of enterprises and enterprise area as control variables.Based on the data of "China Labor Force Dynamic Survey" in 2016,2018 available samples are screened out.Firstly,descriptive statistical analysis was made on the difference of working time distribution among laborers who signed short-term and long-term labor contracts.Secondly,on the basis of labor contract theory and working time system,OLS regression and quantile regression were used to analyze the overall impact,the impact difference under different quantile,and the impact difference under the heterogeneity of laborers.Starting from three perspectives,this paper makes a regression analysis on the difference of working hours between workers with and without labor contracts,and between workers who sign long-term and short-term labor contracts.The conclusions are as follows: Firstly,the working hours of laborers with labor contracts are 7.9% less than those without labor contracts,and with the increase of the working hours of laborers in the quantile sites,the impact of labor contracts on laborers is also increasing.The impact of labor contracts on working hours is heterogeneous,theimpact on working hours of male laborers is slightly higher than that of female laborers,and the impact on educational level is slightly higher.The impact of the labor contract of the lower level workers and the workers in the private and private enterprises is more significant.Second,signing long-term labor contracts reduces the working hours of workers by 3.3% compared with short-term labor contracts.Under the premise of labor contract,the working time of long-term labor contract signed by workers and enterprises is significantly lower than that of short-term labor contract signed by workers,and with the increase of the extension of working time of workers in the quantile,the impact of the duration of labor contract on working time is increasing.The influence of the term of labor contract on the working hours of workers is heterogeneous,and the long-term labor contract has a more significant impact on the working hours of female workers;there is no obvious regularity in the education level,and it has a significant negative impact on the low educational level of junior middle school and below and the workers with higher educational level above undergraduate level.In private,foreign-capital,joint venture and other enterprises,the impact of labor contract duration on working hours is more significant.In order to better protect the rights and interests of workers about working hours,it is proposed to strengthen the supervision of labor contract signing and encourage enterprises to sign longer-term labor contracts with workers.