| The theory of life Orientation was proposed by the German scholar Hans Tiersch,also called the theory of daily life,which appeared firstly in his monograph Study on Life-Oriented Social Work: Practical Tasks of Social Transformation published in1992.The theory of life Orientation originated from German education development system.It proposes that the nature of social work is a reflective profession and the conduct of social work should be seen as an interventional activity.Therefore,social work is used to prevent juvenile delinquency.There are certain industry advantages in prevention.Under the guidance of The theory of life Orientation,the purpose of social workers in preventing juvenile delinquency is to ensure that the daily life of minors is "normally progressed" rather than "successfully carried out." In this article,we combine the origin and development of the life world and we analyze in depth by necessity and feasibility of applying the life world theory to the prevention of juvenile delinquency.The syllogism of prevention in the context of the theory of life in the world has moved the focus of the prevention of juvenile crimes from the remedial measures after the occurrence of crimes to the preparations for prevention activities prior to the occurrence of crimes.In the primary prevention stage,the main task of thesocial workers is to help the clients create a living world atmosphere that can help with resources,thereby reducing the generation of criminal motives.The main cause of juvenile delinquency is that the organizational structure leads to the“centralization”of preventive services and the service projects are far away from daily life.At the same time,there are certain limitations in the existing means of prevention of juvenile delinquency,which is also the cause of crimes.Hans Tiersch believes that social work concludes five functions which are prevention-oriented,decentralized,close to daily life,normalization of service items,and the right to participate.He thinks that prevention,especially for the prevention work of juvenile delinquency and social work has three stages:Primary prevention: In the absence of criminal problems,create a good and stable living environment and avoid crisis conflicts;Secondary prevention: take the opportunity.In the event of crises and problems,social workers can provide professional work and take preventive measures.Tertiary prevention: Emergency treatment after the problem.According to the previous domestic social work experience in the prevention of juvenile delinquency,prevention measures often fall into two stages and three stages.According to the actual analysis of the changes in juvenile crime data,the interviews conducted by social workers,and the actual activities,the prevention measures should be The first phase moves forward.In fact,according to the author’s practical survey,we have found that the activities of some advanced agencies have made a reasonable advancement based on the actual situation.In the prevention of juvenile delinquency,this article combines life-world theory and proposes that social workers should understand the dual duties of daily life,integrating social reality,performing social work,and avoiding traps in life while grasping the principle of open and structured work.These are specific operational methods to achieve the advancement of the prevention of juvenile delinquency.The ultimate goal is to optimize the feedback mechanism,and in the true sense,the prevention of juvenile delinquency. |
