| The existence and development of a country are closely related to its surrounding geopolitical environment.A harmonious and friendly surrounding environment is conducive to the consolidation and stability of the state regime and the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and society,while a turbulent and crisis-ridden surrounding environment is not conducive to the survival and development of the country.According to the principle that the enemy of the enemy is my friend,the alliance relationship between many countries and non-state action organizations in the Great Lakes region of Africa has been constantly readjusted.Since the 1990 s,Uganda's foreign policy under Museveni's leadership has sought to establish a secure and stable surrounding geopolitical environment through indirect intervention and direct involvement in various regional conflicts in order to stabilize its national regime and restore the development of its national economy,and adjust constantly and timely according to the actual situation.With regard to the two distinct ways of intervention,indirect intervention and direct involvement,Uganda adopted that in the two regional conflicts,this paper argues that the criterion for distinguishing Uganda's direct involvement lies in whether Uganda sends its troops.First,Uganda intervened in the regional conflict for the first time,that is,it chose indirect intervention in the Rwandan civil war and secretly gave support to the RPF armed forces led by Kagame.This was manifested by the acquiescence that the Tutsi soldiers in the Uganda People's Defense Force had left Uganda without authorization to participate in the war and provided logistical support to the RPF armed forces.Secondly,when Uganda intervened in the regional conflict for the second time,it chose to participate directly in the two Congo(DRC)wars,directly sending UPDF to invade DRC and participate in the first Congo(DRC)war to overthrow the Mobutu regime,and later in the second Congo(DRC)war tooverthrow the Kabila regime.Two regional conflicts,two interventions and two different outcomes,which have had a far-reaching impact on the geopolitical pattern of the Great Lakes region of Africa.This paper argues that Uganda has adopted different modes of conflict intervention and solutions in two regional conflicts,namely,the Rwandan Civil War and the Congo(Kinshasa)War,since from Paul Kagame lauched counter-offensive against Rwanda in 1990 to the end of the Congo(Kinshasa)War in 2003.All these operations can be seen as the extension of Uganda's national interests.Just as the saying of Clausewitz goes,war is the continuation of politics,if other countries affect Uganda's security environment,Uganda under Museveni's leadership will not hesitate to choose to intervene in regional conflicts,even to launch a war to intervene in the internal affairs of other countries.He hoped to build a safe and stable geopolitical environment in the Great Lakes region with the surrounding countries,and to strive for it.As for why Uganda has chosen different modes of conflict intervention,that is to say,indirect intervention sometimes and direct involvement sometimes? This paper has carried out a detailed analysis and discussion.It holds that Uganda has become an increasingly active conflict interventionist because of the dual impetus of Uganda's own development and external expectations after the cold war and the catalytic role of conflicts such as the Rwandan Civil War in the surrounding areas.In the process of concrete practice,it gradually formed a conflict intervention model of focusing on national security and economic development,focusing on regional stability,emphasizing its own interests,preferring to choose direct involvement,and adhering to Uganda's dominance,using various means,mainly military means.The formation and development of this model can not be separated from the comprehensive influence of Uganda's actual strength,political system,diplomatic concepts and main leaders. |
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