Dworkin’s Thought Of Community

The publication of Rawls’ s theory of justice is an important event in the history of western philosophy: on the one hand,it means the resurgence of political philosophy,and the contemporary political philosophy begins to go to the center of the western philosophy;on the other hand,it lays the framework for the study of Western Political Philosophy,and the other theories are essentially the response to it.Among them,the most critical trend of Rawls’ s liberalism is communitarianism.On the basis of "community",communitarianism is a critical target for liberalism,and tries to subvert and dispel the theoretical framework and ideological influence of liberalism.The biggest difference between the communitarianism and the liberalist is that the communitarianism puts the community in the first place and criticizes the individualism of the liberalism theory.The mutual criticism of liberalism and Communitarianism shows the controversy between individualism and community theory.It can be said that the issue of community is the focus of debates between the two schools of liberalism and communitarianism.In the face of Communitarianism and rhetorical criticism,more and more scholars begin to theory of "community" self reflection.On the one hand,the community as a critical spear of communitarianism is of great significance,but what is the community there is no unified answer to the communitarianism,and there is no definite theoretical construction.On the other hand,the individualism criticism of communitarianism reveals the problem of liberalism.On the premise of upholding the basic political ideas and values of liberalism,we can absorb the "community" idea of Communitarianism and construct a "liberal community",which is the thinking of the contemporary thinkers.Dworkin is the representative of this kind of thought.In his book "supremacy ofvirtue" and the paper "liberalism community",he put forward its unique concept of the political liberalism community,trying to open up third ways between liberalism and communitarianism.The purpose of this paper is to reveal the problems arising in the development of community concept by clarifying the clue of the development of community theory,and to view the interpretation of the theory of community by liberalism in the perspective of Dworkin.By comparing the thinking context of the two faction theories,we can grasp the connotation of the community clearly and intuitively.According to the general idea,the main content of the full text is divided into three chapters,which are the theoretical background of the community thought,the self interpretation of the thought of the Dworkin community and the criticism of the thought of the Dworkin community.For the background of community thought,there are two aspects.The first is that the communitarianism uses the theoretical weapon of the community to criticize liberalism,which is mainly aimed at individualism in the theory of liberalism.This article begins with the theory of four theorists of Sandel,Macintyre,wolce and Taylor.Although they maintain the community’s community value,the standpoint of opposing liberalism is consistent,but their critical way of liberalism is multidimensional,and its theoretical perspective is from abstract theory to realistic politics.The second aspect is the community concept of the communitarianism,where this article distinguishes the community thought of the above communitarianism,that is,the "virtue community" and "the constituent emotional community",as well as the "political community" and the "identity common".The purpose of this part is to clarify the development trend of community theory under the theory of "the theory of the best good" of communitarianism,which is a close to liberalism.This shows the theoretical dilemma faced by communitarianism research methods and the necessity to think about the community theory from the perspective of liberalism.Dworkin’s idea of liberal community is a theoretical response to thisnecessity.Dworkin’s community concept,on the one hand,should respond to the criticism of the theory of communitarianism on the other hand,on the other hand,to explain its unique community concept in the framework of liberalism.According to this chapter,this chapter first analyzes the absorption and criticism of Dworkin’s own liberalism theory on communitarianism.Here Dworkin focuses on the community concept of four communitarianism,namely,"moral homogeneity community","paternalism","constitutive community" and "the democratic concept of the majority decision".This objection by Dworkin actually points out that the fatal weakness in the communitarianism community theory is that communitarianism does not distinguish small community of life and the big political community.This confusion makes the community concept of communitarianism often lead to intolerance and autocracy.Dworkin pointed out that the real community should be a tolerant political community,which is understood from the perspective of liberalism.Whether the idea of Dworkin’s community and its theoretical approach can achieve a perfect synthesis between liberalism and Communitarianism is a question that the thought of the Dworkin community left us with further thinking.From the angle of reality to analyze the theoretical connotation of community concept,everyone will get a realistic understanding of the community concept,that is,the community can be divided into "emotional community" and "individual union".In the sense of the modern state,the community is in fact closer to a kind of "social union".The biggest defect of the communitarianism community theory is to confuse the two.At this point,Dworkin is more sober,and the liberal community thought he proposed is essentially a kind of individual social union,which is a political theory that is more in line with the reality of liberalism.However,this liberal community theory,after all,is an interpretative theory.It does not actually define the character of the country,nor can it reshape the unity of the people.