Analysis On Local Officials’ Evaluation System Of Qing Dynasty

Officials’ evaluation has been an important part of the national governance system since ancient times.In recent years,the government has repeatedly attacked and punished corruption,and officials’ investigation problems have once again become a hot spot in society.Officials’ evaluation is concerned with the fundamental issues related to social stability and economic development.What’s more important is that the government’s attitude towards officials and the handling of unqualified officials have become the key to enhancing people’s trust.Qing Dynasty was the last major unified feudal dynasty in Chinese history.A lot of experience and lessons for the examination of contemporary officials have been accumulated from in the local bureaucratic evaluation system at that time,which brings inspiration to the institutional construction of contemporary officials.This article takes the evaluation system of local bureaucrats in Qing Dynasty as the research object,and analyzes and summarizes the experience and lessons learned from the evaluation system of local officials in the Qing Dynasty through the investigation of its development,legal regulations,and specific operating conditions.Improve and provide useful mirrors.So as to improve the currents officials,evaluation system in China.At present,the academic research on the bureaucratic evaluation system mainly focuses on the ancient evaluation system,the evaluation system in Qing Dynasty,and the appraisal system for civil officials in Qing Dynasty.However,there are few studies on the evaluation system of the local bureaucracy in Qing Dynasty,especially on the the issue of legal regulation which lacks necessary discussion.The author intends to fully demonstrate the operation mechanism of the local bureaucratic evaluation system in Qing Dynasty,through static and dynamic research on relevant legal documents of the Qing Dynasty,with the collected relevant literature materials and historical materials.In the research process,this essay uses historical analysis to conduct research and analysis on the social background and changes at that time,and conducts case studies on historical cases.Also,it analyzes concrete legal norms through empirical analysis,and judges the pros and cons with the value analysis method by combining the actual effects of the system.In order to more dialectically evaluate the research results,social surveys are also indispensable.The study of this article mainly proceeds from the following four parts:The first part:This chapter introduces the development of the examination system of the local officials in Qing Dynasty.It takes time as the main line,and introduces the process of reforming the examination system of local officials in Qing Dynasty from the establishment,improvement to the difficult times.In this process,the examination system for local bureaucrats in Qing Dynasty is gradually established.It includes regular examinations based on inspection on Beijing officials,planning,military and government affairs,and occasional examinations supplemented by year-end close examinations,audience visits,and special case processing.The quality of officials is thoroughly examined regular examinations and occasional examinations.The second part:This part illustrates the legal regulations of the examination system of the local officials in Qing Dynasty.It comprehensively introduces the legal system of the local officials’ evaluation system in Qing Dynasty,from the administrative law,the criminal law from the two angles,"Da Qing Hui Code","Great Qing Laws" and various regulations and other legal documents as the content.The third part:This section analyses concrete operation of the examination system of the local officials in the Qing Dynasty.Based on literature and historical materials,this chapter introduces the criteria,procedures,and results of local government officials.First of all,the test standards are mainly "four patterns and six methods",greed,and the rulers attach importance to some of the character,such as loyalty,etc.Second,regular examinations and irregular examinations would determine different test program.Regular test takes Progressive examination procedures,and occasional examinations are mostly conducted directly by the emperor.Finally,it analyses the use of the results of the examination.That is,the examinee officials are ranked according to the examination remarks based on the examination standards.The outstanding examinee in each class would be recommended outstanding officials in exams and exams,and the participation of officials of the "six laws",corruption,and coolness in exams,etc.These are are also important ways for the Qing government to persuade the group of officials and clean the officials.Part IV:This part includes the content of review and enlightenment of examination system of local bureaucrats in Qing Dynasty.This chapter analyzes the worthy experience,lessons by discussing the legal regulation,examination criteria and procedures,as well as the use of results.and evaluating local officials in Qing dynasty.Also,it propose severed possible suggestions for the contemporary officials by combining the current situation.The experience and lessons of the local officials’ evaluation system in the Qing Dynasty deserve studying and referring to.In particular,achievements in legal regulation should be the focus of on our study.However,the system of evaluation of local officials in Qing Dynasty is a product of the authoritarian rule of the feudal dynasty,and its inherent ills cannot be ignored.In particular,the influence of the individual’s personal factors on the system has hindered the implementation of the local officials’ evaluation system and the achievement of goals.The author’s research on this issue is still relatively superficial and introspective,there is a view to perfecting the system and complete the theoretical system by the author’s efforts.