Research On Hu Hanmin’s Cognition And Deviation Of Historical Materialism In The Early 20th Century

Hu Hanmin(1879-1936)was a well-known bourgeois revolutionary,politician,and theorist in modern Chinese history.During his youth,Hu Hanmin opposed the feudal autocratic rule of the Qing Dynasty and advocated revolutionary methods to transform society.He went to Japan to study abroad twice,actively looking for the reform of modern Chinese society.During his stay in Japan,Hu Hanmin came into contact with Marxism and gained a better understanding of Marxism.After returning to China,he became one of the important figures in the early propaganda of Marxism in China.When introducing historical materialism,Hu Hanmin first started with the definition and content of the historical materialism,thinking that the historical materialism is an "economic-centric historical concept" and introduced the relationship between social existence and social consciousness,the economic foundation and the upper layers.The specific content of the historical materialism such as the relationship between architecture,class struggle theory,mass history,labor issues,etc.,and equates it with the importance of Darwin’s theory of evolution.On the basis of mastering basic theories,the historical material and historical issues are analyzed using historical materialism,that is,combing the history of Chinese philosophy,proposing women ’s emancipation,examining China ’s moral ethics since ancient times,examining traditional Chinese family systems,and introducing socialism.Laid a theoretical foundation for the early spread of Marxism in China.Hu Hanmin ’s research and propaganda on historical materialism was mainly concentrated in the early 20 th century,aiming to absorb useful content from historical materialism to enrich and develop Mr.Sun Yat-sen ’s Three People ’s Thoughts,ease class contradictions,and maintain the rule of the bourgeois revolutionaries status.Therefore,Hu Hanmin’s cognition of historical materialism has certain one-sidedness and limitations,which also led him to deviate from historical materialism and finally embarked on the road against Marxism.From Hu Hanmin ’s change of attitude towards Marxism,explore its successes and failures,learn from experience and lessons,and then more firmly adhere to the Marxist position in socialist construction,comprehensively study and master the basic principles of Marxism,and the basic principles of Marxism with The reality and contemporary characteristics of contemporary China are closely integrated.