A Study On The Family And External Sacrifices Of The Southern Guizhou Funeral

The family sacrifice and the external sacrifice are two important ceremonies at the funeral of the southern Guizhou.The family sacrifice is a sacrificial activity of family for the deceased in a certain order,but the family external sacrifice is another ceremony of sacrifice according to human relations between relatives and the deceased.The two kinds of sacrificial activities clarify the different funeral sacrifice rules between family members and relatives.This article takes the Huishui district in the southern Guizhou as a field point.Through participating in local funerals,in-depth observation of the family sacrifice and external sacrifice ceremony,and specific interviews with participants,the author finds that the family sacrifice is more orderly than the external sacrifice in terms of personnel arrangement and sacrifice process.The family sacrifice emphasizes the order of sacrifice for the young and the old,and people assume different responsibilities for sacrifices according to their roles.In the external sacrifice,people are in the habit of “first come,first served”,ignore the order of decency and respect,but pay attention to the courtesy.The external sacrifice emphasizes "relative friendship” and uses the friendship between relatives as a reference for whether to perform the sacrifice.As for preparation of offerings,it is grander in the external sacrifice than family sacrifice.In the fete ritual,the family sacrifice is relatively complicated,and the external is simpler.In the content of the ceremony,the family sacrifice imitates the service rituals in daily life,paying attention to the details of life and emphasizing "daily life".The external sacrifice imitates the guest rituals in daily life and emphasizes more on etiquette.Both reflect the society of ancestry in the southern Guizhou based on blood relationships and kinship.Family members and relatives have achieved a social consensus on kinship through the ritual practice of "li".In daily life,family members and relatives are often equal,as is the family sacrifice and the external sacrifice at the funeral of the southern Guizhou.This research paper is divided into five chapters.In the introduction,we first explain the origin of the research and review the existing relevant research at home and abroad.Next,the significance,research ideas,and methods of this study are elaborated,and then,the field situation is introduced.The first chapter is the family sacrifice into a service ritual.It describes the "family sacrifice" from the aspects of the ritual field,ritual program,and content characteristics.First introduced the hall of ceremony,followed by the nine ceremonies of the family sacrifice into service,and finally summarized the characteristics of the family sacrifice.The second chapter is the three ceremonies of external sacrifice.First introduced the relatives to lift the box,then showed the detail of three ceremonies,and gave an overview of its characteristics.The third chapter is the orderly family sacrifice and the disordered external sacrifice.It focuses on analyzing the family sacrifice in the content of the ceremonies and the arrangement of personnel.Chapter Four: Daily Life and Emphasis on Etiquette,the analysis points out that the nine ceremonies of family sacrifice reflect family rituals characterized by dignity and intimacy in daily life,the content is closer to daily life.Carrying boxes of external sacrifice and the funeral oration reflect that the exchanges between relatives are mainly gift exchanges.The fifth chapter is the conclusion,which summarizes the full text and dialogues with related research.