| During the period from Zhengtong to Hongzhi,the political system and culture of Ming Dynasty gradually evolved.With the change of the power structure system,the imperial court system,such as the relationship between monarch and minister,cabinet and ministry,had undergone subtle but remarkable changes.As a senior official and the chief cabinet minister in Hongzhi period,Xu Pu,born in 1428,and dead in 1499,witnessed many political events and political changes in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.The thesis tries to analyze Xu Pu's political thought and spiritual morality from many angles.Through discussing the interaction between Xu Pu and the political situation of the dynasty,using the power relationship theory to analyze the dynamic changes between the various power systems of the imperial court in the middle of Ming Dynasty,the thesis firstly interprets the loss and persistence of a cabinet scholar in the middle of Ming Dynasty political change,then reproduces Xu Pu's political and social behavior under the concept of home-state assimilation and the cultural motivation behind it.Specifically,it will be carried out in three parts:The first part deals with the relationship between the monarch and the ministers.The relationship between the monarch and the ministers in the middle of Ming Dynasty was more relaxed than that in the early Ming Dynasty.As the representative of literati and officials Xu Pu could fully express their political views in many political and cultural events.They could even refute the emperor's unreasonable actions.Examples,such as Xu Pu's resistance of the officer directly appointed by the emperor,his refusal of writing the Sanqing movement,his admonishment of Xiaozong to see the dynasty diligently and other political behaviors,fully expressed the political self-identity and subjective consciousness of the literati and the officials in this period of time.The second part deals with Xu Pu's role in the cabinet power system.As the cabinet gradually strengthened,relying on the close relationship with the emperor,it came to be in the center of in the court power.When Xu Pu was appointed as the chief cabinet auxiliary,the cabinet power in the middle and late Ming Dynasty evolved.He friendly cooperated with all the cabinet members,showing a harmonious partnership of cabinet members during this period.The reform of salt law with the help of Ye Qi and the reform of Hanlin bachelor system with the help of Qiu Jun were the improvements made by theliterati and officials in view of the problems in the national mechanism in the middle of Ming Dynasty.The rescue of the official not only directly preserved the strength of the cabinet but indirectly balanced the central power system of the court.The interaction between Xu Pu and the eunuchs showed the friendly exchanges between literati and eunuchs,and it also indicated that eunuchs had become a noticeable strength and an important part in the power system of the court in the middle of Ming Dynasty.The third part deals with Xu Pu's concept of family.No matter when he took an office or after he was retired,Xu Pu always viewed his home and relatives as the center to practice his political ideals and pursuit.This concept was actually the practice of the idea of assimilation of family and state.In his hometown Yixing,he purchased land for landless peasants,and built ancestral halls to honor the ancient sages.As a feedback,the local people expressed their recognition and remembrance to him through sacrifice,monument building and renovation of his ancestral hall.All these activities are true portraits of Xu Pu's life achievements.In short,the study of Xu Pu can not only have a comprehensive understanding of the great statesman,but also reflect the characteristics and dynamic changes of political culture in the middle period. |
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