Nambara Shigeru And Japan's Education Reform In The Early Postwar Period

In order to realize its ambition to dominate the world,Japanese imperialism launched the September 18 th Incident in 1931.With the intensification of the contradictions between the United States and Japan,the Pacific War broke out in 1941.As one of the sources of war strategy in World War II,Japan had to invest a lot of resources in order to win the war of aggression,and military investment crowded out a lot of resources that should be invested in education.By the end of World War II,Japanese education had virtually collapsed.This article explains the necessity of the collapse of Japanese education under militarism through a series of Japanese fiscal policies,laws and regulations during World War II.Further focusing on the urgency of Japan's education reform in the early post-war period,we explored Japan's education reform measures,characteristics and impact in the early post-war period through the core figure of Japan's early education reform.A balanced and delicate relationship between the direction of Japanese education.This article is divided into three parts: introduction,main text,and conclusion.The main text includes two,three,four and five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly introduces the research object and research significance,research status,method ideas and innovations and deficiencies of this thesis.The second chapter discusses the wartime education system and national education.It is divided into two parts.One part is to discuss the wartime education system distorted,including the strengthening of the concept of "education" and the "empire",and the arbitrariness of the military department.The other part discusses the national education under the influence of militarism,including the Japanese academic system and student activities under militarism.The third chapter is the start of the early post-war education reform.Starting from the reform blueprint,starting with the "Japanese Constitution",through the adoption of a series of laws on Japanese education,establishing compulsory education and higher education,and establishing a new university.The third chapter mainly analyzes and discusses Nambara shigeru's post-war reflection and educational thoughts.It is mainly divided into two parts: First,Nambara shigeru 's reflection on the post-war,including the reflection of Japan 's war during the war and the post-war peace ideal After the war,Nambara shigeru proposed the theory of the emperor's abdication,and the influence of Christian culture on Nambara shigeru 's postwar thought;The second is the content and practice of Nambara shigeru 's educational thought.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the start of education reform in the early postwar period and the establishment and operation of relevant institutions under the leadership of Nambara shigeru.There are two parts in total,one is the blueprint and starting foundation of the post-war education reform,including the blueprint for the Japanese education reform made by the "American Educational Mission",the promulgation of the "Constitution of Japan" and the "Constitution" and the Basic Law of Education in Japan The second is the operation of relevant institutions under the leadership of Nambara shigeru,including the establishment of the Education Reform Commission and its system,the leadership of Nambara shigeru on the Education Reform Commission,the establishment of the Operational Committee and the Special Committee.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the achievements and limitations of the educational reform in the early postwar period in Japan.The first is the macro achievements of the educational reform in the early postwar period.The early educational reform in Japan realized the democratization and civilianization of Japanese education,and also ensured that Japan 's normal academic research was not subject to excessive government interference and achieved academic independence;The specific results of the initial education reform include the establishment of the six-three academic system in terms of school system,the establishment of a new university in higher education,and the completion of the reform of the national administrative education institutions and local educational administration institutions.But Reform still has its limitations,and the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT)still stipulates the "absolute principle",which leaves room for the Japanese central government to interfere in local education.The conclusion is the impact of postwar education reform in Japan.There are mainly two aspects,one is the impact of education reform in the early postwar period on individuals in Nambara shigeru;the other is the impact of education reform in the early postwar period on Japan.