On Levinas’ Theory Of Other And Its Contemporary Implication

"The Other" is an important philosophical subject in the second half of the 20 th century.The traditional research on the theory of the Other is placed under the perspective of subjectivity which leads to the subject of the other.After Levinas experienced the tragedy of the Holocaust,he intended to establish a new relationship with the other so as to restore the moral foundation of mankind.He realized that there must be no "assimilation" violence in the relationship between people,but the need to emancipate the "other" from the "identity" and "wholeness" and then establish the ethical priority of the other.Therefore,this article mainly focuses on Levinas’ theory of the Other,namely,from the “other” opened by phenomenological methodology in early Levinas’ s context to the much more radical ethics of the other in his later period.The first chapter of this article is the introduction,which mainly illustrates the significance of the Other theory and its current debates.The first chapter of this article is the introduction,which not only illustrates the significance of the other theory and its current debates,but also the innovations and main problems to be solved of this dissertation.The second chapter of this article sorts out the context of the evolution of the other problem from the perspective of phenomenological tradition,including the other discovered by Husserl from pure consciousness,the cover of the other in Heidegger’s theory,and the open of the “other” proposed by Sartre.The theoretical resources mentioned above would be the background and nourishment of Levinas’ s uniqueness of his other theory.The third and fourth chapters of this article deal with the main conceptual structure of the other ethics constructed by Levinas,and explain why he applied different methodologies in arguments in his early and late times.The third chapter focuses on how Levinas use phenomenology to construct the dimension of the “other”.He described the relationship between "existence" and "existence" phenomenologically,opening the ethical dimension of the other from desire,il y a,death,and face.The fourth chapter is the rethinking of the problem of violence by Levinas.Levinas’ later philosophical investigations revealed the obscured other from the "language",and used the concepts such as "replace","hostage",and "neighbor" to establish the ethical priority of the other,placing the other to absolute priority.The attitude toward and the closeness of hospitality in Levinas’ s thought were challenged by Derrida,who critically pointed out both the limits and limitations of hospitality.The fifth chapter of this article mainly explores the possibility of "posthumans as the other".In Levinas’ s other ethics,we absolutely bear the fault and sin of the other,and we have absolute ethical responsibility to others.But as a posthuman,the other is very different from the human other in terms of desire,face,death,language,and so on.Therefore,the intention of this chapter is to put the theory of the other in a postmodern context,try to break through the boundaries of Levinas’ theory of the other,and establish the ethical relationship of the “other” in the postmodern context.