Research On Errors Of The Usage Of The Locality Word "Li" Based On The HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus

Modern Chinese locality words are usually used to indicate the spatial location of things,and generally belong to the first-level vocabulary in the Chinese Level Vocabulary and Chinese Character Level Outline.It has a high frequency of use and a wide range of applications.It has not only the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic functions of common nouns,but also the syntactic distribution position and semantic and pragmatic expression functions different from common nouns.Therefore,it is an important point as well as a difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The locality word “Li” is an important word in modern Chinese that expresses spatial relations.It can be used as a syntactic component alone,can be added with “Bian,Mian and Tou” to form a compound word,can be used as a morpheme prefix to form compound words such as “Liceng,Liwu,Lidai,Lixiang and Liyuan”,and can form a position phrase to serve as a subject,object,attribute,adverbial modifier and complement to express the meaning or extended meaning of location,time,the limit of range,aspect and direction.This paper selects the error corpus of “Li” in a specific range for quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis,sorts out the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic error categories,finds out the causes of errors,and then gives corresponding corrective measures and teaching and learning suggestions,and serves as a typical case for the error analysis and research of simple locality words.Firstly,this paper uses specific conditions to search,and excludes “Li” as a word-building morpheme and the related error corpus of writing errors,and obtains 331 valid corpus of the locality word “Li”.Secondly,starting with the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic rules of the locative word “Li”,this paper gives the corresponding syntactic,semantic and pragmatic scope of use and restrictions of the locative word,which provides rule support for the analysis of the error corpus of the locative word “Li”.This paper makes quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis on the error corpus in each category within the specific error corpus,examines the syntactic error,semantic error and pragmatic error types of the orientation word “Li”,describes the common and individual problems existing in each type of error,and sums up several main error causes of the orientation word “Li”,which include semantic repetition or incomplete components caused by unclear rules,fixed collocation,and meaning error caused by conversion of different cognitive domains.Finally,aiming at the errors of locality words in corpus,teachers and students should start from different aspects,and teachers should grasp teaching from the following three aspects.Firstly,teachers should pay attention to the rules and clarify the meaning range.Secondly,the similarities and differences of usage should be distinguished,and analogy training should be strengthened.Thirdly,consolidate collocation exercises and identify the causes of redundancy.However,students should try to avoid the influence of negative transfer of mother tongue,master the usage rules of locality words,and distinguish the similarities and differences of usage of different locality words.