A Study On The Poverty Of The Tribal People In The Middle And Late Liao Dynasty

Evolvement is the khitans began in the early 10th century moved north han Chinese help to establish the regime in the practice "with two-state qidan,han han" policy of "governance"due to customs rule,to the qidan and xi,engaged in animal husbandry production and living room wei,hougomont,resistance,the tangut national,adopt the traditional clan as the basic unit to rule.According to the differences of the kinship with the central government of Liao Dynasty,tribes can be divided into five types:zhuerwoduo,"four tribes in Liao Dynasty",Khitan,non Khitan under the control of the state,half Jimi and half control tribes,Jimi tribes.Different types of tribes are distributed in different nomadic areas and engaged in orderly nomadic production and life.For the people who regard nomadism as their livelihood,maintaining normal livestock production has high requirements on natural climate,pasture resources,labor,and other conditions.The absence of any of the above conditions will have a significant impact on the production and life of the people.From liao SAN early rule,evolvement are appeared in "taking not to" and "hungry all the dead",as the main form of expression of a wide range of tribe poverty,until the end of the liao,this kind of phenomenon is more serious,become a social ills,evolvement in the tribe life to seek bankruptcy protection at the same time,also caused serious social crisis,weakened the evolvement rule,produce the social impact is difficult to estimate.Therefore,the causes of poverty among the people in the middle and late Liao Dynasty were very complicated,mainly due to natural disasters,relative shortage of grassland and the deterioration of the ecological environment,the occupation of the farm land,the army and the herdsmen,the heavy burden of taxes and corvee,the adjustment of the foreign policy of Liao Dynasty,and the lack of ways for the people to rise,the turbulence of the political situation,the rampant bandits,Many factors of the poverty of the people in the Liao Dynasty were accompanied by the changes in the state system.In the process of changing from a tribal state to a centralized state in the Liao Dynasty,it caused a series of social problems,which directly led to the difficult lives of the peopleFacing the poverty of the people,the Liao Dynasty government provided relief,and various social strata adopted a series of succour measures.Although these relief and succour measures have achieved certain results and temporarily alleviated the poverty of the people,due to various disadvantages of the relief measures and succor measures,they cannot fundamentally solve or suppress the poverty of the people,leading to social contradictions,class contradictions and nationalities.The sharp contradictions caused a series of social problems,which led to the loss of the fighting power of the people who were the basis of the Liao Dynasty's "establishing the country by military power".The Liao Dynasty's rule steadily declined and eventually embarked on the road of destruction.