Preliminary Study Of The Line Pattern Bowl At Workshop No.4 In Hejin Guzhen Porcelain Kiln Sites In Jin Dynasty

As a large product in workshop 4 of Hejin Guzhen porcelain kiln site in Jin Dynasty,it is rare in China for its large quantity and special shape.Based on the preliminary study of this kind of utensil in workshop No.4,the appearance and production process of Hejin Guzhen porcelain kiln are partially restored as far as possible,and a series of production processes such as making and burning of this utensil are recognized.In this paper,198 pieces of Xianwen pots are preliminarily explored by means of measurement,drawing table,observation and statistics,as well as the use of related scientific and archaeological instruments,The main contents are as follows:First,through the preliminary observation of the bowl,it is found that the shape of the bowl is relatively simple,all of which are awn mouth and round lips,most of which are closed mouth,the upper abdomen is straight or inclined inward,the lower abdomen is folded,and the feet are circled or lying.The difference between the mouth and the abdomen is small.According to the difference between the mouth,it can be divided into two categories: open and closed.There is only one open string bowl,which is open.The mouth is closed in along the bottom,and the abdomen is folded and bulged out.According to the difference of the bottom of the bowl,it can be divided into two categories: recumbent foot and ring foot.Secondly,there are no significant differences in the processing of the body,the soil,the glaze,the decoration techniques and the burning methods.It is made by one-time drawing with the method of wheel system.After the body is dried and finalized,it is dug to form a circle foot.Some of the foot walls are chamfered and some are not chamfered;or the bottom of the circle foot is chamfered to form a horizontal foot.The thick tire is mostly yellow and a little gray.There are two ways to apply makeup soil,one is from the inner wall to the outer wall,and the other is only from the inner edge to the outer wall.Transparent glaze is applied to the inner wall and the outer wall at the folding belly.The glaze color is mostly yellow,and a few are blue.The decoration method is single,most of them are engraved with two circles of string pattern at the lower 1cm of the outer wall edge,and a few are engraved with three circles or one circle or without string pattern.The method of loading and burning is to stack and burn naked,in order to prevent the ash falling on one pile and buckle one piece upside down.Through the analysis of the kiln furniture in workshop 4,it is not found that there is any trace of the folded belly bowl with the stick string pattern on it.Only one top bowl can be used as the spacer between the kiln bed and the utensils.The number of such top bowls is small and there is no adhesion mark,so it is impossible to judge whether they are used as the spacer to support the folded belly string bowl.Third,through the measurement of 198 pieces of data such as caliber,bottom diameter,through height,maximum diameter and chord width,it can be seen that each dimension is mainly concentrated: most of the caliber is in 8-9cm,and the chord distance from the mouth edge is also concentrated in 1cm,etc.,so it can be seen that the production of the bowl is carried out according to certain standards,but there are not two identical ones A piece of artifact,so judging a piece of artifact is not only made by one craftsman,but by production line.Fourth,in the published briefing and report,we collected the data about the kilns,tombs and sites in Shanxi Province,which had similar shapes or similar techniques with those of Guzhen kilns.It was found that only in pujindu and Puzhou old city sites,a piece of porcelain with the same shapes was found,and in No A bowl with different patterns.Through the preliminary exploration and comparison with the bowls unearthed in other provinces,it is found that this kind of bowl is the unique product of Hejin Guzhen kiln.