A Multi-dimensional Study Of The Modal Word Zhi Bu Ding

Zhi bu ding is a word used in modern Chinese to express speculate and is used more frequently.However,there are relatively few studies on zhi bu ding,and there is a lack of systematic and comprehensive research.From the perspective of modality,this article studies the nature,semantics,syntax,and function of zhi bu ding from multiple perspectives in order to supplement its understanding of modality expression.Zhi bu ding is an adverb with modal function,which is defined as a modal word from a pragmatic perspective.The structure of zhi bu ding is solidified,meaning is simple,the pronunciation is coherent,and it conforms to the basic characteristics of words,which is defined as words;the zhi bu ding syntactic position is flexible,and it is used as a high-level predicate in the sentence to meet the characteristics of adverbs with modal functions and define its grammatical nature as an adverb;zhi bu ding mainly expresses the judgment of the possibility and inevitability of the event,expresses the subjectivity of the speaker,belongs to the content beyond the proposition,and meets the basic characteristics of epistemic modality.From the perspective of semantics and pragmatics,it is defined as epistemic modality among modality words.The modal meaning of zhi bu ding is: the main expression is that the speaker makes a negative affirmative guess of the unforeseen event.According to the nature of the speaker's speculative basis,the gradient of cognitive modality expressed by zhi bu ding is divided.After statistical analysis,the characteristics of the modal gradient of zhi bu ding are: mostly used to speculate that the modal gradient is high,that is,a positive subjective event.The nature of inferred events can be divided into positive events,negative events and neutral events.After statistical analysis,the characteristics of the inferred events are as follows: they are mostly used to infer negative events.From the perspective of the time of the event,the event is divided into the pre-existing event and the pre-event,and the statistical characteristics of the zhi bu ding speculative event are obtained through data statistics: it is mostly used for the pre-calculation of the pre-event.The position of zhi bu ding is flexible.As a high-level predicate,it can be shifted in the sentence and at the beginning of the sentence.Zhi bu ding can be used with adverbs,auxiliary verbs,and mood particles,these combinations can strengthen the mood,express time,and remind the speaker of their emotional expressions.Help the speaker to better express his attitude and position on the incident.After zhi bu ding,you can connect question form clauses and statement form clauses,and more question form clauses.The form and meaning of zhi bu ding is asymmetric: first,the number of interrogative clauses followed by zhi bu ding is far greater than the number of declarative clauses,which are related to the non-interrogative use of interrogative pronouns and the meaning of zhi bu ding itself;second,zhi bu ding is a negative form,but it means affirmative meaning,which is mainly because people's pragmatic psychology is at work.Zhi bu ding has three major functions: interpersonal,linguistic adaptation and pragmatic cohesion.The interpersonal function of zhi bu ding is mainly reflected in three aspects: expressing speaker emotions,coordinating interpersonal relationships,and emphasizing propositional information.According to statistics,it is concluded that zhi bu ding is mostly used in the context of speaker concerns and reminders.In order to express different communicative intentions,the speaker adopts the principle of politeness or restraint to remind the listener politely.In order to draw the listener's attention to the outcome of the event,the speaker uses zhi bu ding to emphasize the proposition information.The function of zhi bu ding is mainly reflected in two aspects: adaption to the listener and adaption to the speaker.When the speaker has a positive attitude towards the things to be evaluated,he chooses to adapt the listener with zhi bu ding.Both parties have good communication relationship;when the speaker has a negative attitude toward the object of evaluation,he chooses to adapt himself with zhi bu ding,and the two parties show a tense communication relationship.The pragmatic cohesive function of zhi bu ding is mainly reflected in the coherent role of the contextual content and the semantic relationship of causal cohesion.The reason why zhi bu ding has a cohesive function of discourse is that it is highly subjective and is mostly used to speculate on the entire proposition.According to the semantic relationship of cohesive elements before and after zhi bu ding,the zhi bu ding clause can both indicate the cause and effect in causal cohesion.