Translation Of Metaphors In Thirty-Nine Steps From The Perspective Of Pragmatics

Most of metaphor translation studies center on the translatability and translation modes of metaphors.At present,most of paper select the political and journalism languages as their study objects.The investigated results,therefore,often work for conventional metaphors(Monti,2006).Some also conduct comparative studies of translation of literature work excerpts.Hence,the treatment of systematic metaphors including conventional and private metaphors in the same literature work is yet to investigate.To fill in the gap,this paper combines pragmatics and metaphor uses in context to investigate transfer methods.Chapter One provides a brief introduction to this translation project,including the concerned context.Chapter Two then provides an overview of existing outcomes of metaphor studies and a description of how metaphors can be understood from a fresh pragmatic look.Chapter Three classifies those metaphors in Thirty-Nine Steps and provides a detailed analysis into each metaphor category for a better solution to metaphor translation.It is concluded that the translatability and translation modes of metaphors heavily depend on whether they closely interact with their contexts and the domain knowledge of the hearer.If not,a better solution to metaphor translation is to transfer the metaphor to sense.If a metaphor is used for certain purposes or closely interact with its context,that is to say,an immediate necessity prompts to retain the metaphor like most of conventional and poetic metaphors,a better way to transfer is to add an extra explanation to the metaphor or to replace the metaphor with a similar metaphor in target language.In addition,some metaphors used for literary aesthetics in source language are not acceptable to readers from target language countries.In this case,metaphors are better deleted,and the literary aesthetic convention of target language prevails.It should also be noted that the “false friends” in transferring metaphors between source and target languages could lead to mis-translation.