Study On The City Theory Of Frankfurt School

Based on the concern of contemporary urban issues,Frankfurt school has developed a unique urban theory with theoretical value.From the vertical perspective,Frankfurt School's urban critical theory has experienced the critical period of historical philosophy,the critical period of communicative behavior theory and the critical period of recognition theory.In the critical period of historical philosophy,Horkheimer,Adorno and Fromm examined the problems of cities from the perspective of the critique of instrumental rationality,and criticized the dominant instrumental rationality in the developed capitalist society from different perspectives.In the critical period of the theory of communicative behavior,Habermas began to pay attention to the "social internal relations" such as the structural transformation of the public sphere and the social integration strength of the subject,hoping to solve the social problems from within the society through the strength of communicative behavior.In the critical period of recognition theory,Honneth thought that we must take the road of combining normative and empirical criticism,and use recognition theory to re-examine social morality.From a horizontal perspective,the themes of Frankfurt School's urban theory criticism mainly include four aspects: economy,culture,space and psychology.As the basis of the whole urban critical theory,economy is reflected in the fact that instrumental rationality becomes the law of enterprise and people's activities,enterprise and technology become the new ruling form,and the degree of exploitation and alienation of contemporary capitalist society deepens.Culture is the key point of Frankfurt School's urban criticism.Culture is not only a "cultural industry" that deceives the public,but also a model for urban people to escape freedom.Space is an important part of Frankfurt School's urban criticism.The Paris arcade plan points out that urban space is an ambiguous space dominated by capital.The dialectics of enlightenment points out that urban space has the characteristics of homogeneity and deception in the context of rational degeneration into instrumental rationality.The structural transformation of the public domain points out that urban space tends to integrate the public and private domains Struggle for recognition builds a free urban space to show individual autonomy.Psychology is a new field of urban criticism of Frankfort school.Fromm reveals people's escape from freedom and the decline of social humanism ethics.Marcuse points out the one-way development of people in developed society.Hornett constructs love,law and unity to try to provide basic self-confidence,self-esteem and self-respect for individuals.Frankfurt School urban theory is the inheritance and development of Marx's urban theory.It criticizes the alienated development of capitalist cities,redraws the appearance of urban space,rebuilds the psychological state of cities,provides a new perspective to solve contemporary urban problems,and strives to realize the free and all-round development of modern people.The city theory of Frankfort school has a significant enlightenment for us toplan,build and develop the socialist city with Chinese characteristics.