A Study On Allographs Of Epitaphs In The Five Dynasties

The study of variant forms of Chinese characters is an important aspect of the study of Chinese character ontology and is of great significance to the study of the evolution of Chinese character forms.Because of its particularity,inscriptions can truly retain the original features of Chinese characters at that time,thus has become an important material that cannot be ignored in the study of variant forms of Chinese characters.This paper selects the variant forms of the Five Dynasties of epitaphs as the research object,sorts out,sums up and analyzes the variant forms of the Five Dynasties of epitaphs,and makes a comparative study in combination with Ganlu Zishu.There are five parts in this paper.The first chapter is the introduction.Its introduces the reason why this topic had been selected,the significance of the research,the research object and scope,the previous research results,the research ideas and the methods used in this paper.In the second chapter,according to the types of variant forms of the Five Dynasties of epitaphs,the variant forms of the Five Dynasties of epitaphs are divided into component variant forms and full variant forms,and the characteristics of the variant forms of the Five Dynasties of epitaphs had been summarized.We found that the variation of variant forms in the epitaphs of the Five Dynasties is mostly regular,and are mostly consistent with those of the previous dynasties.Moreover,we also found that each type of variant forms has its own characteristics.Variant characters can be divided into three types:stroke variation,stroke increase and stroke decrease.Among them,the case of variant characters with more strokes is simpler,adding one stroke,one horizontal stroke or one point,without adding more strokes.Variant characters with reduced strokes include those with reduced single stroke,and those with more reduced strokes based on the traditional Chinese characters,which are quite different from the original ones.Variant characters of components can be divided into three types:component replacement,component addition or deletion,and component position change.Among them,the component substitution type has the most variant characters,and the component substitution can be divided into three types:phonetic substitution,semantic substitution and form substitution,and the form substitution type has the most variant characters.There are two types of variant characters with added components.The one that shares part of the meaning of the original shape and is divided separately.The other is not different from the meaning assumed by the original shape.There are only a few redundancies of repeated components and non-repeated components.The change of component position includes the replacement of upper and lower components or left and right components,and the replacement of left and right structures into upper and lower structures.There are not too many variants.The full variant forms of Chinese characters can be divided into two types:one is that the two forms of Chinese characters are not one character.Due to the development of Chinese characters,the two forms of Chinese characters have the same pronunciation and become variant forms of Chinese characters.The second is that the two characters were originally one character,then inherited different forms and gradually formed a group of variant characters.The number of these two types of variant forms is relatively small.The third chapter mainly analyzes the variation rules of the components and typical components of the variant characters of the Five Dynasties of epitaphs.It also divides the variation of typical components into two types,which are the variation of a single component,and the variation caused by the interaction of two or more components,and finally,summarizes the characteristics of the two types of variation.The variation of a single component includes both components with one variation and components with two or more variations.The variation of individual components can happen because of the standardization of cursive script,the incorrect change of font style,the reduction of strokes and the influence of ancient font style.But the variation of a single component does not necessarily lead to the variation of all glyphs containing this component.The variation caused by the interaction of two or more components presents the unique characteristics of the Five Dynasties.When two or more components are mixed,the component with less strokes is often selected for the glyph.When the component shape is close,the component is marked and when the component meaning is close,the ancient glyph is influenced and by so doing,all can cause the component to produce the variation.The fourth chapter mainly compares the glyphs in the Five Dynasties of epitaphs with the glyphs in Ganlu Zishu,and summarizes the causes of the variant forms in the Five Dynasties of epitaphs in the last section.The variant forms of the Five Dynasties epitaph are mainly influenced by the times,the writing characteristics of the inscriptions and the development of the variant forms.