| Since the end of the Qing Dynasty,the national crisis has become more and more serious.Chinese society has reached the imperialist powers’ aggression,various social trends of thought have been repeated,and the social situation is extremely complex.The introduction of western nationalism theory has opened up the horizon of intellectuals,giving the theoretical tools of the ideological circles at that time to answer how to build a modern national power.Modern China gradually began to transform from feudal autocratic Empire to modern nation-state.At that time,China’s new intellectuals fully studied the western nationalism theory,combined with the traditional Chinese national outlook,creatively put forward the concept of "Chinese nation",and explained the connotation of the concept of "nationalism" and "Chinese nation".It reflects their advocacy and path selection for the construction of modern nation-state.Each Party group uses the "nationalism" discourse system to achieve social integration and solidarity,so as to achieve specific political purposes.Among them,the reformist faction represented by Liang Qichao and Yang Du is more moderate,and Liang Qichao is the founder of modern Chinese nationalism theory.His national theory changed with the change of political practice and social situation.Yang Du’s "five races in one theory" is the development of Liang Qichao’s national thought.The revolutionary people’s national outlook represented by Sun Zhongshan and Zhang Taiyan is more radical.Sun Zhongshan’s advocating of ethnic minorities in the late twentieth Century was characterized by,"Han chauvinism".But after the revolution of 1911,this concept changed greatly.With the development of the "54 Movement" and the understanding of communism,Sun Zhongshan’s national theory has tended to be a modern national idea.The Communist Party of China has interpreted the concept of "the Chinese nation" at a higher level.In the war of resistance against Japan and the war of liberation,the connotation of the "Chinese nation" has made the Chinese unite as one,providing a realistic basis for the creation of new China.With the continuous evolution of social thoughts and the revolutionary practice of various political forces,the connotation of the Chinese nation has also changed:from the revolution of 1911 to the" 54 Movement",from the war of resistance against Japan to the establishment of new China,to the present new era.The connotation of the "Chinese nation" has been realized from "expelling the captive,restoring China" to "five ethnic Republicanism";from "Chinese nation integration" to "nation building";from ethnic equality,ethnic autonomy to"pluralistic integration";finally,in the new era,it became a new concept of "Chinese nation community". |
