A Study On The Industrial Policy During Nehru Period

In the early days of India's independence,the country was faced with a series of problems,such as food shortage,resettlement of refugees,economic backwardness and so on.In addition,India's economic structure has been seriously damaged,industrial development is close to stagnation.As a result,after India's independence,policymakers saw industrialization as an engine of sustained growth in other areas of the economy in order to achieve the goal of economic self-sufficiency.With the careful planning of its leaders,India took the lead in formulating an economic development strategy aimed at industrialization.From the perspective of Nehru's industrial policy during Nehru's administration,this paper deeply analyzes the causes,contents,implementation status and influence of industrial policy formulation.During Nehru's administration,in order to improve the people's lives and achieve the goal of industrialization,the Indian government formulated a more comprehensive industrial policy.That is,the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 and the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 and the Industrial Development and Management Act 1951.These industrial policies are a concrete form of Nehru's mixed economy.Its basic characteristics are: giving priority to the development of heavy industry,emphasizing the leading role of the state in the economy,gradually increasing investment in the public sector,so that it occupies a dominant position in the national economy.Under the guidance of the industrial policy resolution of 1948 and the industrial policy resolution of 1956,India has carried out three five-year plans during the reign of Nehru,and in the light of the effect of the three five-year plan,India has made remarkable achievements in the completion of the third five-year plan.The industrial base is more solid,the industrial category is more diversified,and the industrial system has been basically established.At the same time,however,the industrial development of India has also produced a series of problems,which,after the death of Nehru,have not been properly dealt with,resulting in a sustained decline in the growth rate of the Indian economy from the late 1960 s.Nehru's industrialization model,which lasted 30 years,began to weaken in the 1980's.This pattern changed significantly after the severe foreign exchange crisis of 1991.Scholars have different opinions on the achievements of planned economy and the model of economic development in Nehru.Therefore,studying industrial policy in Nehru period not only helps us to understand the transformation of economic development mode in India better.It also helps us to draw lessons from the economic development of other countries.According to the industrial policy of Nehru's ruling period,the article was divided into four parts.Chapter one is the reasons for industrial policy making.This chapter mainly discusses the reasons for industrial policy making from the political and economic aspects.The second chapter mainly combs the main contents of Industrial Policy Resolution 1948,Industrial Policy Resolution 1958 and Industrial Law 1951.Chapter III mainly describes the implementation of industrial policy resolutions in the first three five-year plans of India.The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the positive and negative effects of India's industrial policy resolution,and puts forward some views on India's industrial policy according to the evaluation of Indian industry by relevant scholars from different angles.Through the comprehensive exposition of the industrial policy in the period of Nehru's administration,it not only helps us to understand the characteristics of the development of Nehru's socialist economic thought,but also helps us to understand the characteristics of India's economic development.