Study On "Morality" Concept In Feng Youlan's Thought

Mr.Feng Youlan's moral concept is consistent with his theory of the Idealistic Philosophy.Morality in reality is based on “moral idealistic”.The content of “moral idealistic” plays a role in maintaining the existence and development of society;“moral idealistic” is a stipulation of “should” for people in morals;At the same time,“moral idealistic” implies “common nature” and “different nature” “,which is the theoretical basis for distinguishing "new morals" from “old morals” and “ variable morals” from “constant morals”.There is no new morality and old morality in the constant morality.Only those variable morality can be distinguished from “old” and “new”.“moral idealistic” being a metaphysical theory of morality in reality is the ontology,the rule and the truth as the “Dao”.To sum up,morality is doing what should be,according to the “moral idealistic”,and follow the moral rule of “should”,which can protect the existence and development of society.Mr.Feng Youlan's moral concept is based on society.Mr.Feng Youlan defines morality through the relationship between morality and society.That is,morality is a necessary condition for the existence and development of society,and morality is an important factor for maintaining the stable development of society.Based on different roles in society,Mr.Feng Youlan distinguishes between the three concepts of morality,immorality,and not immorality.What is beneficial to develop society is moral,what hinders social development is immoral,and what has nothing to do with social progress and development is not immoral.The role of morality in society can be understood from two aspects: moral norms and moral systems.Mr.Feng Youlan believes that the instability in society is due to the conflict between desires,and the moral system can regulate the conflict in society and bring the society to a state of harmony.moral norms plays a similar role as moral system.Morality is essential to society.Similarly,society has an important influence on morality.First,social production plays a decisive role in morality,and morality is a reflection of the society in which it is living.Second,morality is evaluated through the social standards of the times;Finally,the level of society is the basis for distinguishing the level of morality;According to Feng Youlan,sociality is the basic attribute of morality.Society is the foundation of morality.Without society,there is no morality.Similarly,morality is also an important basis for social existence.Morality is an important factor for maintaining social stability and development.In addition to the role of morality in maintaining the stable development of society,morality also has inherent requirements.Morality is not only a code of conduct,but also has an inherent value pursuit.Therefore,Feng Youlan distinguished between coincident moral behavior and moral behavior.The coincident moral behavior mainly includes the moral behavior of nature and moral behavior of interests.Moral behavior of nature has only moral behavior and no moral consciousness,this means the man doesn't understand his behavior.The moral behavior of interests is to know that he is doing moral things,but he does it for his own interests,such as reputation,profit,and power.That action is just artifice to gain interests.True moral has moral consciousness of service to “others” and has moral behavior.The highest state of morality is not limited to the moral level divided by Mr.Feng Youlan.Its highest value pursuit is “insight and moderate” that is the unity of a higher level of spiritual state and appropriate behavior in ordinary life.Through the analysis of “consciousness” and the role of morality in society,and the grasp of “insight and moderate”,you can find that Feng Youlan's moral concept reflects the unity of spirit and practice.Through the interpretation of “moral idealistic” and “insight”,you can find the deontological tendency in Feng Youlan's moral concept.Sociality is the basic attribute of morality.Taking society as the standard of moral judgment is conducive to the equal exchange of moral culture among countries.On the other hand,it also shows that the division of social history into various points makes morality lose its evaluation between the horizontal and vertical directions of social history and weakens the objectivity of morality itself.In addition,the “common nature” in the “moral idealistic” provides a theoretical basis for the abstract inheritance law for inheriting traditional moral culture.The idea of “insight and moderate” is conducive to promoting peaceful coexistence between humans and other creatures.In short,Mr.Feng Youlan's moral concept contains rich content and is worth studying.