| As an important part of speech in Chinese,prepositions have been paid more attention in academic circles.However,for the research of disyllabic prepositions,especially "x zhe" disyllabic prepositions,there are still problems of insufficient attention and weak system.In this paper,six disyllabic prepositions of "x zhe" are studied.They are divided into three groups according to the meaning of grammar,namely,the disyllabic prepositions of "x zhe" which represent the place and the direction:"yan zhe","shun zhe","chao zhe" and "zhao zhe 1";the disyllabic prepositions of "x zhe" which represent the condition and the basis:"chen zhe","zhao zhe 2";the disyllabic preposition of "x zhe" which represent the cause and purpose:"Wei Zhe"Then according to the three periods of Pre-Qin to Tang and Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,and Modern Chinese,this paper makes a historical analysis and rescarch to explore the historical source,development and evolution process and formation motivation of the "x zhe " type of the disyllabic preposition.Our findings are as follows:First of all,the time,when six disyllabic prepositions of "x zhe" appeared in the linear sequence was concentrated in the Yuan and Ming dynasties,the time when they appeared in the linear sepuence of "yan zhe","shun zhe","chen zhe" and "zheo zhe 1" was in the,Yuan dynasty,and the,time when they appeared in the linear sequence of"chao zhe "and zhao zhe 2" was in the Ming dynasty;in terms of usage,the prepositional object structure composed of its object was used as adverbial in the sentence;in terms of frequency of use In the Yuan and Ming dynasties,there were relatively few us.e cases,and the frequency of use in the Qing dynasty increased significantly."x zhe" solidified as a preposition,and "zhe" became an internal component of a word.Second,the sources of six disyllabic prepositions of "x zhe" can be divided into three categories:the first is the source of preposition"yan zhe","shun zhe","chen zhe","zhao" zhe 2","wei zhe",which is developed from preposition "X" and dynamic auxiliary "Zhe",and the evolution mechanism is analogy;the second is the souree of proposition" chao zhe",which has two possibilities:the first is the source of preposition " chao zhe" ",which is developed from preposition "chao" and dynamic auxiliary "Zhe",and the evolution mechanism is analogy;the other possibility comes from the grammaticalization,which is influenced by the change of the syntactic structure.The verb nature "x" zhe" is in the secondary position in the sentence,losing the feaiture that the verb represents time,and grarmmaticalizing into the preposition indicating the introduction place and direction;the third category is the preposition The origin of the word,zhao zhe 1" comes from the grffamaticalization of the verb nature "zhao zhe".Because of the change of the syntactic structure,the verb nature "X’ zhe" is in the secondary position in the sentence,losing the verb characteristics,and grammaticalized into prepositions.Third,there are two reasdns to.induce monosyllabic prepositions to add"zhe" directly:one is the route,direction,basis,condition,cause or purpose introduced by monosyllabic prepositions,which has the simultaneity with predicate verbs in time,which is integrated with the simultaneity of dynamic auxiliary"zhe":the others the structure of ""verb 1+zhe+object+verb 2(+object)" and "preposition+object+verb",which are similar in syntactic structure and grammatical meaning.With the increase of the use cases of "verb 1+zhe+object+verb 2(+)object)" structure after the Song Dynasty,the class introducs"intermediary+Verb+object+verb" structure. |
