Local Community And Tax Consultation In Late Medieval England

The rise of local community is in the same period as the participation of local representatives in tax consultation.Local community is closely related to changes in tax consultation system.In the 13th century,with the development of industrial and commercial economy in England,The strength of gentry and citizens increased and they dominated local administration,than local community was formally formed.Gentry and citizen have also gradually become local representatives of the same interest because of their economic foundation and consistency of political demands.At the same time,there were frequent wars in England and lack of finances.In order to expand the financial resources,the king must call representatives of local communities to obtain more taxes.The position of the local community in the tax consultation is becoming more and more important,and finally,the local representative became the main body of the lower house.The development of local communities has laid the foundation for the participation of the civilian class in tax consultation.The tax consultation mechanism has been improved.The tax consultation has also increased the enthusiasm of the local representatives for political participation.In the 14th century,House of Common,dominated by local representatives,had the power to grant tax in tax consultation.The tax consultation system has changed with the participation of local representatives.Firstly,the subject of consultation has gradually been biased towards local representatives.Secondly,the representative system of tax consultation has been established.Thirdly,the type and rate of tax consultation have been gradually fixed.Lastly,representatives of local community participated in the implementation of the taxation principle of "common consent".safeguarded the rights and interests of taxpayers,and improved the tax consultation participation system.The redress principle of tax consultation also affects the development of local community.If the king wants to grant taxes to the lower house,he must first meet the requirements of the petition of the local subjects.Tax consultation provides an opportunity for local communities to participate in central politics,and the lower house also gains more power in this process.Under the influence of the tax consultation compensation principle,the local community's administrative and judicial autonomy has further matured,and the requirements for independent economic development have also been guaranteed to a certain extent.Local representatives have formed a sense of democratic participation in political practice,which has become the political spirit foundation of modern England.In the process of continuous consultations of interests,early parliament and election procedures in the modern constitutional democracy of Britain appeared.The consultation meeting was fixed and became the central power parliament of modern democracy.Election of local representatives to participate in the discussion of central taxation also provided a reference for the subsequent constitutional election process in the United Kingdom.The relationship between tax consultation and local community has influenced the spirit and system construction of modern constitutional government.Moreover,the spirit of democratic consent and control embodied in the consultation of taxes by local representatives has also achieved the spiritual connotation of controlling absolute power in modern British constitution.