Research On The Qualifier About Self-indicated Name Of Bronze Vessels In The Zhou Dynasty

The qualifier about self-indicated name of bronze vessels in the zhou dynasty,refers to the modifier appearing before the name of bronze vessel.This article comprehensive analyzes the qualifier about self-indicated name of bronze vessels in the zhou dynasty,and explores the meaning of self-name qualifiers,combining with the documentary records.Then classifies them,and investigates the temporal and spatial characteristics of self-name qualifiers,as well as the social relations reflected.The text is divided into three parts,the main contents are as follows:The first part analyzes and classifies the self-named qualifiers of bronze vessels.Based on the unearthed copper materials,combing with the documentary records,this paper studies the meaning of self-named determiners,and divides them into three kinds and thirteen categories.The first is the general limited attribute,which can be divided into nature,shape and decoration,indicating the external characteristics of the utensils;the second is the functional limited attribute,which can be divided into diet,drinking,washing and general utensils,reflecting the use function of the utensils;the third is the social limited attribute,which can be divided into sacrifice,funeral,hunting,offering,marriage and happiness Enjoy and play bronzes,indicating the use of utensils.In addition,some qualifiers are polysemy,such as “Lu”,has the meaning of “sacrifice”、“Zhengxing” and so on,"Lvqi" began to be used for sacrifice and banquet in the early Western Zhou Dynasty,and began to be used for the expedition in the late Western Zhou Dynasty,and a multi-purpose phenomenon appeared.In the early Spring and Autumn period,zengbokefuxu fuses included “levy”、“Banquet”and“sacrifice”.The second chapter studies the spatiotemporal characteristics of s self-named determiners.In the era of use,the modifiers that only appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty were mainly general attributive and social attributive,the modifiers that only used in the spring and Autumn period were mainly social attributive,and the modifiers that only used in the Warring States period were mainly general attributive.From the perspective of the number of kinds of qualifiers in different times,they are the most in the spring and Autumn period,the second in the Western Zhou Dynasty,and the least in the Warring States period.It can be seen that the spring and Autumn period is the prosperous period of the development of the self named qualifiers of bronze containers.In the use area,different qualifiers use different areas.There are qualifiers for modifying bronze vessels in the Yellow River Basin,those popular in the Yangtze and Huaihe River regions,and those that use regional variations.For example,“Xiu” appears on bronze vessels in the northern region,“Fan” is used in bronze vessels in the southern region,“Jiang” first decorated bronze vessels in the northern region,and then gradually spread to the southern region.The third chapter mainly focuses on the social attribute category,and analyzes the marriage relationship reflected by “concubines” and the funeral relationship reflected by “funeral implements”.The bronze vessels decorated with “concubines”are mostly made by women of the same surname,and there are few examples of those made by women of different surnames.Caihoushenzun was made by Marquis Cai to marry Meng Ji in the state of Wu,which shows that the nobles of Zhou Dynasty broke through the rule of “no marriage with the same surname” in the middle of spring and Autumn period.Through the analysis of the inscriptions unearthed,we find that the bronze vessels decorated with “Xing” include self-made vessels and other made vessels,most of which are male.The self-made utensils show that Zhou people have the habit of making their own funeral products.The Tanghou made the running pot with Sui wife,which indicated that at least in the late Spring and Autumn period,the same surname states could make “funerary utensils”for each other,which reflected the funeral aid culture of Han and Huai areas in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.