Distribution Characteristics Of Ancient Cultural Sites And Migration Of Paleoculture Since Late Pleistocene In Hebei Plain

The Hebei Plain area has a long history and rich ancient culture sites.Many prehistoric ancient cultural sites discovered in this area have been one of the key topics of archaeological researchers.Ancient ruins,as the remains of ancient human production and life,are closely related to the natural geographical environment.Ancient cultural ruins in different periods show different distribution characteristics and have certain regularities.Based on previous studies,this article takes the entire Hebei Plain and surrounding areas as a whole to comprehensively and systematically discuss the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of ancient human cultural sites in the region and their relationship with the evolution of the natural environment.The main contents of this article are as follows:(1)The overall characteristics of ancient ruins were obtained and the typical sites such as Houjiayao,Cishan,Beifudi,etc were surveyed.Our study indicated that the distribution centers of sites in different periods were different and the sites in different regions have different cultural appearances.(2)The temporal and spatial distribution of ancient cultural sites were analylzed.From the Paleolithic period to the Xia and Shang dynasties,ancient cultural sites were mainly distributed in the west and north of the study area,along the eastern foothills of the Taihang Mountains in the north-south band,and along the southern foothills of Yanshan in the east-west band.The sites in the study area were mainly distributed in areas with an altitude of 100-500 m,within 1000 m from a river,a slope of 0-3 °,a slope of 90-270 °,and a topography of less than 10 m.(3)The relationship between ancient cultural sites and ancient cultural changes was discussed.Our studies have shown that climate change was the main reason controlling the distribution of ancient cultural sites in the study area.The warm and humid climate of the Holocene promoted the great development of culture.In the middle of the Neolithic period,ancient culture developed rapidly,and the number of sites increased significantly.It would have serious impacts on cultural development,and there might be a reduction in the number of ancient cultural sites and cultural replacement.The climate also affected the distribution of ancient cultural sites through landforms.In comparison with the obvious environmental changes in the plains,ancient humans preferred to live on stable low-lying hills and river terraces or terraces adjacent to the plain.(4)Regional comparative analysis and possible mechanism analysis were performed.The special geographical location of the study area should make the area more susceptible than the surrounding Loess Plateau,Mongolian Plateau,Shandong and Central Plains culture.As a result,the southern foot of Yanshan was susceptible to the influence of northern grassland culture,and the Hebei Plain area was susceptible to its southern Central Plains culture or eastern Shandong due to the influence of culture,the northwestern Hebei region had been influenced by the northern grassland culture,the Central Plains culture and the Loess Plateau culture.All these above had complicated the cultural system in the study area.