On Hume’s Problem And Kant’s Solution

Hume’s problem is a basic problem of philosophy.It is not only presented as the essential characteristics and a internal contradiction of Hume’s philosophy in his explorations of Empiricism Philosophy,but also clearly raised by Hume himself in his writings.The reason for why Hume’s problem is important is that on the one hand it leads to the crisis of natural science because of its doubts about induction,and on the other hand,it leads to the crisis of philosophy(metaphysics)itself because of its doubts about causality.Today’s interpretation and discussion of Hume’s problem mainly came from the former,that is,it may challenge the foundation of natural science,so Hume’s problem appears more in the form of "inductive problem".However,Hume’s original narrative focused on the "causality" problem.Although he stood on the position of empirical induction,the focus of Hume’s attention is quite different from the current inductive problem.It is puzzling that Hume does involve induction problem in his original works,but his inductive problem was based on causality.Hume’s philosophical contradictions are often neglected.In view of this confusion and contradiction and based on Hume’s original works,this paper explores the essence of Hume’s problem and clarifies the expression of Hume’s problem,thus putting forward the essential form of expression of Hume’s problem.The is the first content of this paper,and it also paves the way for exploring how Kant solved Hume’s problem,because Kant’s ambition to solve Hume’s problem from the whole function of intellect was based on this essential form of Hume’s problem.Of course,in fact,he really got involved in this problem only when he thought of the relationship between Freedom and Nature or Intellectuality and Rationality,which he considered that was broader and more important than Hume’s problem.Then how Kant solved Hume’s problem,and how he worked out in the end,is the second content of this paper,and also the key part of this paper.In any case,if all the mainstream philosophies of today can find their origins in the turbulence of European philosophies in the eighteenth century,Hume and Kant are the two philosophers that can never be bypassed.As a special intermediary,Hume’s problem can be regarded as a key to unlock Hume’s philosophy and Kant’s philosophy and also,to communicate the two philosophical systems.