Research On Espionage In Sanguo Period

Due to the drastic changes of social politics,man?s efforts had great implications in Sanguo era,espionage as a part of man?s efforts,guided by pre-generation?s theory,did lots of contribution to Hegemony.This study will concentrate on spy,divided into four main parts to analyze spy?s selection criteria,type,technology expertise and influences of espionage in Sanguo era.First part: Expound when to use espionage and the qualities that users and spies themselves must possess.Sun Zi explained in his The Use of Spies that as a leader,one must have transcendent wisdom,IQ and EQ are necessary for spies as well.spies also need specific personality traits and skills to complete some special missions.Regularity can be followed when sending spies to scouting,alienating and appeasing the unstable forces.Second part: Analyze different types of spies and their effects.Scout were used to collect the information of forefront for warfare;internal spy agency mainly used to maintain ruling state;according to Sun Zi?s classification in The use of Spies,this paper divided temporary spies into five types,discussed their multiple functions such as alienation,assassination,information and so on by analyzing typical cases.Third part: Discuss espionage technologies and anti-espionage technologies.In this age,spies mainly relied on official postal system as well as other correspondence way to make sure that information can be delivered in time.Forge letters and cross dressing were used to launch an attack.People take killing,luring and disguising as protection to prevent enemy?s espionage.Fourth part: Summarize characteristics and influences of espionage in Sanguo era.Compared with previous generations,new changes had taken place in compositions and functions of spies,and people began to have a general sense of defending espionage,this change made spies more hardly to commit a mission.Espionage showed great influences in many events and campaigns,and even did some effects to the whole period,the stories of spies also enlightened later generations? espionage and literature.