During The Ming And Qing Dynasties,the Businessmen Of The Shanxi And Shaanxi Provinces Interacted With The Ethnic Groups In The Commercial Activities In Kham Area

As a distribution center for the exchange of materials between Sichuan and Tibet,Kangqu plays an important role in linking the inland and Tibetan areas.In this process,the emergence and development of the merchant community was a necessary element in this dynamic and in stabilizing Kham's pre-eminent position in the frontier.In order to survive and make a profit,Shaanxi merchants engaged in the border tea trade and entered Kham.They developed from scattered exchanges of goods to hierarchical management systems in the "exotic" Kangqu and left their name in the history of the firm.In this trade,they need to establish good relations with the people of Kham so as to facilitate their long-term transactions.By learning the Tibetan Language and imitating the Tibetan People's clothing,food,shelter,transportation,trying to fully integrate into the social and cultural life of Kang District.In this paper,we take the Group of merchants from the Shaanxi Mountains who lived in Kham during the Ming and Qing dynasties as the research object,and use the methods of speaking Tibetan,wearing Tibetan clothes,eating Tsampa,and intermarrying with Tibetan women in order to integrate into the Society of the Kang Area They also brought tea,silk,porcelain and other customs from the mainland to Kham,to a certain extent easing the conflict between the monotony of social production and the diversity of demand in Kham In addition,the spiritual culture of the Han nationality,including the belief of Guan Yu,was also introduced into Kham.It can be said that during this period,the merchants of Shaanxi became the bridge of economy and culture between the inland and the Borderland(Han and Tibetan),and promoted the exchange and integration of Han and Tibetan Culture Recalling this history,analyzing and grasping the interactive process and laws of the han-tibetan ethnic groups in Kang area in the fields of commerce,trade and culture during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the purpose of this study is to explore the influence of thecommercial and cultural interaction of Shaanxi businessmen in Kham on Kham's entry into the central government.In addition,the special historical events from the economic and trade activities of shan-shan merchants in Kham also reflect that small-scale individual business activities carried out continuously may also significantly promote inter-ethnic interaction and thus change the cultural face of a region.It can be said that the simple commercial trade for profit not only promotes the inter-ethnic economic exchanges,but also realizes the inter-ethnic cultural identity to a certain extent,and constructs harmonious ethnic relations at present It is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the "communication and integration" between nationalities in the realistic context.