Research On The Corruption Of Grain Administration In The Republic Of China

Food is the essential material basis on which people rely for survival.Whether in times of peace or times of war and turmoil,food has always been a link between the central government and local governments in China’s five-thousand-year long development history.The establishment of the national food administration system must be combined with the political and economic development at that time and the social situation at that time.Grain administration is a comprehensive policy project,including land tax policy,land tax organ,grain policy,grain organ;In order to seek rationalization of domestic food production,distribution and consumption,a feasible food administration system must be established.Since the establishment of the republic of China,the temporary government in nanjing,the government in Beijing and the national government in nanjing have all carried out different adjustments and reforms on China’s land tax policies,government agencies,grain policies and government agencies.From the agricultural organs set up in the early years of the republic of China to the full-time grain administration organs,and then to the ministry of grain control during the Anti-Japanese War,the grain administration organs have been developing and improving.At the same time,the right of land tax collection from the initial attribution to the local government to the central government later,the central government began to formulate the corresponding land tax grain collection policy,from the collection and collection of the independent office to the land tax grain management office of the unified collection.This development is a process in which the central government centralizes the grain administration and collects the private financial resources from the central government.The fundamental reason for the continuous evolution of the food administration system is the change of the social situation.During the period of the republic of China,the political situation was always unstable,from the warlord civil war at the beginning to the Japanese external aggression,which had an impact on the change of the grain administration system.Especially during the war of resistance against Japan,the supply of army provisions became an important factor for the success or failure of the war.During this period,the nationalist government headed by Chiang kai-shek implemented the policy of wartime control of grain administration and introduced the collection of land taxes.This policy changed the original taxation of land taxes into the collection of physical food.The ministry of grain was in charge of the central government’s power of expropriation,and land taxes and food administration offices were established in each province accordingly.In order to resist the war,all the power of grain collection was concentrated in the central ministry of grain as the local grain office,which facilitated the collection and supply of army grain.However,there was no corresponding food supervision and balance organ in the construction of institutions,which led to the food administration corruption cases.The people involved in the grain administrative fraud cases include not only local grassroots grain expropriators,but also many provincial grain supervisors.At the judicial level,there are not many laws regarding the punishment of corruption in the grain administration,and there ’is no law on corruption in the grain administration.At the time,the executives were passing each other by,more like tai chi than a case.After the transfer of the case to the judicial organ,the case handling process was slow.Some evidence was no longer available at that time for further investigation.Moreover,the degree of judgment given to corrupt officials was relatively light,which did not play a warning role.These corrupt practices gradually separated the government from the people,and eventually most of the peasants could not bear it and turned against the national government.