The Study On Social Activities And Literature Of Yingtianfu Scholar-bureaucrats In The Middle And Late Northern Song Dynasty

The study on social activities of scholar-bureaucrats in Northern Song Dynasty which takes the region as the research object has already realized some achievements,but the specific research centered on the group of scholar-bureaucrats in Yingtianfu has not been carried out yet.The study on social activities and literary creation of Yingtianfu scholar-bureaucrats in the middle late period of Northern Song Dynasty can reveal the relationship between scholars from multiple perspective and understand the change of the contacts and mentality of scholar-bureaucrats who are from different background.This dissertation is mainly composed of three parts:the introduction,the body part,and the conclusion.The layout is arranged as following:The first part is the introduction.The introduction introduces the origin and significance of this dissertation,provides an brief introduction to the research object and the main contents based on literature review,and at length defines the relevant concepts of this dissertation.The second part is the body,which is consisted of three chapters.Chapter one focuses on Du Yan,one of the five elders of Suiyang to carry out the research on social activities and literary creation of scholar-bureaucrats in Northern Song Dynasty.First of all,by exploring the poetry contacts between Du Yan and Ouyang Xiu,Han Qi,Su Song and other scholars,this dissertation discusses the warmth contained in the communication process which is conveyed by the poems.Then,by sorting out the picture of The Five Elders of Suiyang as well as its preface,epigraph,songs and poems,it reveals the communication situation and the contribution of their communication gatherings to the development of literature.Finally,it analyzes the leisure life of Du Yan after his retirement and at the same time his concerns about the issues of the governance of the country and the livehood of people.Chapter two focuses on social activities and literary creation of Zhang Fangping after he retired and returned to his hometown.Firstly,it will explore zhang Fangping's mood after he retired,and this is based on an exploration on his student Su Shi at first.Zhang Fangping to Su Shi is just as Du Yan to Ouyang Xiu.Secondly,through investigating the friendship between Zhang Fangping and Su Zhe,Zhao Gai,Liu Zhi as well as Cai Ting,Ma Mo and Teng Yuanfa,the diversity of Zhang Fangping's friendship is revealed.Finally,the dissertation discusses the various visits of Su Shi to the private house built by Zhang Fangping and the editing and revision of Zhang Fangping's Corpus by Su Shi so as to explore series of literary activities behind the interactions between these people.Chapter three mainly studies the group of officials of Hongqing Palace in Nanjing.Firstly,it introduces the shrine officer system and the unique status of Hongqing Palace as the original temple.Secondly,it explores the literary creation group consisted of shrine officials by counting the successive officials who supervised Hongqing Palace.Finally,through exploring the social activities of Bi Zhongyou and Liu Anshi who lived in Suiyang for many years,it attempts to reveal the different choices and general psychology of the retired scholar-bureaucrats.The last part is conclusion.Firstly,it summarizes the reasons why these retired scholar-bureaucrats choose to live in Suiyang,which includes native sentiment,cozy life,political considerations,the cultural atmosphere of respecting education and literature in Yingtianfu,and so like.Secondly,it puts forward the concept of "the literature of idle scholar-bureaucrats",and points out that these bureaucrats have more free time to maintain their friendship and participate in literary creation after their retirement.While from the genre of literary creation,the idyllic life of the retired scholar-bureaucrats directly pushes the composition of pastoral poems,agricultural poems,and village poems.Some distinctive regional landscapes and series of poems about local scenery as well as a large number of various articles on local affairs frequently appear in the works of these scholars.At length,through the diachronic analysis,it generally draws a conclusion that there is a change in the mentality of scholar-bureaucrats in Yingtianfu from the middle to the late period of the Northern Song Dynasty:from expressing their political ambitions to indulging in Buddhism and Taoism as well as writing about themselves.