Study On The Origin Of The Trend Of The Monuments In The Middle And Late Eastern Han Dynasty

This paper focuses on the important phenomenon that people in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty concentrated to set up a large monuments appeared in the early history of calligraphy.Then it was summarized in the records of the Han Dynasty inscriptions in the Northern Wei,Northern Song,Southern Song,Qing Dynasty and Modern Times.And the selection criteria were set at various angles including the definite date,the official position,the number of characters,and the structures and specifications.Also,the statistics and internal structures were analyzed.On this basis,the overall trend of the major Han monuments recorded in various periods was presented.During the 190-year ruling time of the Eastern Han Dynasty,the number of monuments during the 43-years of Emperor Huan’s and Emperor Ling’s ruling reached a peak.Take the statistics of Interpretation of Clerical Script and Sequel of Clerical Script,as an example as the focus of this article.And the number of Han Dynasty monuments in this period accounted as high as 89%of the Eastern Han Dynasty.And further analysis of the internal structure of these inscriptions,shows the evolution trend from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the "Bei Hai Jing Jun Monument" and to the time during ban of monuments in Cao Cao;it can be seen in the statistics of official’s salary from the monuments,the local officials especially the chiefs of prefectures and the provincial governors accounted for a large proportion,and the number of monuments of county magistrates and township heads who made the 400 liters or less official’s salary is far more than the Three Councillors and Zhong-Chang-Shi who belonged to the high officials and real power bureaucrats.From this special phenomenon to the period of the official history of the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty,we searched for the corresponding social backgrounddynamics,which showed the change of imperial power,the struggle of eunuchs and gaisekis,the corruption,the dismissal of the Three Councillors,the loss of the confucianist officals,the evils of the party,and the local rebellion,expansion of local officials’ powers and so on--various clues which were analyzed.This paper attempts to reverse the reason for the occurrence of this trend from the development trend that has not yet formed,and combines the special phenomenon in the Han Dynasty politics with the dismissal of the Three Councillors as the starting point,and carries out the special cosmological Confucianism background research in the Han Dynasty.The focus is on the dismissal of Three Councillors which viewed as“pyramid tip”of the promotion channel causes almost nothing to do in the state power system in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty,and on the officials which were appointed and removed,recommended and examinated,leading by eunuchs,causing political management system for further corruption.The ideal of Confucianism--self-cultivation,family harmony,country management and world peace was forced to be interrupted,which led to two "party disasters." The internal corruption of the political system coincides with the local rebellion,which caused a large demand for expanding the number of employees in the officials at all levels in the locality.And they gathered with the local powerful forces,so a large number of Confucian scholars who reported to the country without a door,devoted themselves to local officials with the concept of loyalty and filial piety in both family and country,formed a group of loyalty and filial piety in large and small places,and the monuments became a special concept projection of expressing the concept of loyalty and filial piety.In turn,the problem is further locked in research of the background of the thought history which on the disaster led Three Councillors to be dismissed.By comparing "Bai Hu Tong Yi" from the Eastern Han Dynasty with "Chun Qiu Fan Lu" from the Western Han Dynasty,and by tracing Confucianism’s various clear concept designs,which was established in Western Han Dynasty is on the basis of the isomorphism of the two,it was found in the book told that " the emperor is not the evil,and the minister is not the goodness,the goodness belongs to the king,the evil belongs to the minister." in the “Spring and Autumn Annals”.Also it was discovered that ideological role in the Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind ideal of Han Dynasty especial concept,and it was shown that the direct promotion of ideological concepts on the phenomenon of calligraphy history.